Assessing the impact of novel social media policies in the USA restricting youth exposure to food and beverage advertisements: a protocol for a difference-in-difference study by Marie A Bragg, Brian Elbel, Omni Cassidy, Courtney Abrams, Stephanie L Albert, Roxanne Dupuis, Zora Hall, Sol Rego, Lloyd Heng, Emil Hafeez

“…We will run additional models with interaction terms with income and race/ethnicity, separately, to test the role of the policies on health disparities.Ethics and dissemination Study procedures have been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine. …”
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OpenAI o1 Large Language Model Outperforms GPT-4o, Gemini 1.5 Flash, and Human Test Takers on Ophthalmology Board–Style Questions by Ryan Shean, BA, Tathya Shah, BS, Sina Sobhani, BS, Alan Tang, BS, Ali Setayesh, BA, Kyle Bolo, MD, Van Nguyen, MD, Benjamin Xu, MD, PhD

“…Methods: Three large language models interpreted the questions using standardized prompting procedures. Subanalysis was performed, stratifying the questions by subspecialty and complexity defined by the Buckwalter taxonomic schema. …”
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Data-driven modeling of environmental factors influencing Arctic methanesulfonic acid aerosol concentrations by J. B. Pernov, J. B. Pernov, W. H. Aeberhard, M. Volpi, E. Harris, E. Harris, B. Hohermuth, S. Ishino, R. B. Skeie, S. Henne, U. Im, P. K. Quinn, L. M. Upchurch, L. M. Upchurch, J. Schmale

“…The most important features were selected through automatic selection procedures, and their relationships with MSA<span class="inline-formula">_p</span> model output was investigated. …”
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Is noxious stimulus-evoked electroencephalography response a reliable, valid, and interpretable outcome measure to assess analgesic efficacy in neonates? A systematic review and in... by Luke Baxter, Marianne van der Vaart, Maria M. Cobo, Patricia Y. Gunawan, Karel Allegaert, Jonathan M. Davis, Mark Turner, Robert M. Ward, Edress Darsey, James P. Sheppard, Aomesh Bhatt, John van den Anker, An N. Massaro, Ramona L. Walls, Laura S. Song, Kanwaljit Singh, INC Pain Working Group, Rebeccah Slater

“…Methods To standardise EEG analysis and generate the outcome of interest, we will perform an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis using data from neonates aged 34–44-week postmenstrual age that have had EEG recorded during acute somatic nociceptive skin-breaking procedures. Relevant data from both published and grey literature will be identified by searching six databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar), two clinical trial registry platforms (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP), and by consulting expert opinion. …”
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Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty in Heterozygous RNF213 p.Arg4810Lys Variant Carriers Diagnosed With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension by Takatoyo Kiko, Ryotaro Asano, Tomohiko Ishibashi, Hiroyuki Endo, Shinya Fujisaki, Ryo Takano, Mitsumasa Akao, Naruhiro Nishi, Hiroya Hayashi, Akiyuki Kotoku, Hiroki Horinouchi, Jin Ueda, Akihiro Tsuji, Tetsuya Fukuda, Yoshikazu Nakaoka, Takeshi Ogo

“…Group differences in mean change from baseline to follow‐up were significant in cardiac index (0.4 L/min per m2 [95% CI, 0.1–0.8]; P=0.019), 6‐minute walk distance (70 m [95% CI, 6–135]; P=0.036), and right ventricular ejection fraction (9% [95% CI, 5–12]; P<0.001), all favoring noncarriers. Of the 515 BPA procedures, complications were significantly higher in variant carriers than in noncarriers (25% versus 8%; P<0.001). …”
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Birth injuries in late preterm and term neonates after instrumental delivery: a prospective study on short-term and developmental outcomes by Fawzia Mohamed Elgharbawy, Fawzia Mohamed Elgharbawy, Sarfrazul Abedin, Rajai Albedaywi, Hoda Rahoma, Hakam Khatib, Abdelkhalk Khedr, Hakeem Nazdaf, Abdulla Asa'd Alshami, Lina Habboub, Mohammad A. A. Bayoumi, Einas E. Elmalik, Ashraf Gad, Ashraf Gad

“…BackgroundInstrumental vaginal delivery is a common obstetric procedure with potential neonatal complications. This study evaluated birth injuries and neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonates born at ≥35 weeks’ gestation following instrumental vaginal delivery.MethodsA prospective observational cohort conducted over 2 years (2021–2022) at Al Wakra Hospital, Qatar to assess birth injuries, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 months in neonates born via instrumental delivery.ResultsThe study included 390 neonates born via instrumental delivery, with 84 birth injuries occurring in 80 neonates (20.5%). …”
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APPLICATION OF LEUKOCYTE FILTERS TO OBTAIN A PREPARATION OF CYTOKINE-INDUCED KILLER CELLS by Yu. V. Gelm, L. Yu. Grivtsova, E. V. Sayapina, N. S. Semenova, T. Yu. Mushkarina, S. A. Ivanov, A. D. Kaprin

“…The article describes in detail the procedure for extracting lymphocytes from leukocyte filters (30 donors). …”
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Long-term outcomes of neoaortoiliac system for treatment of aortic graft infection by Halli Krzyzaniak, MD, BSc, Martina Vergouwen, BN, Run Xuan Zeng, MSc, Mark Rockley, MD, FRCSC, Kenton Rommens, MD, FRCSC, Randy D. Moore, MD, FRCSC

“…Further research is needed to create a larger cohort of this rare procedure and to compare it with other reconstructive options for aortic graft infection.…”
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Retro-pancreatic pull-through reconstruction of the hypoplastic portal vein using the autologous mesosystemic shunt vessel in adult living donor liver transplantation: a case repor... by Shinsuke Sugenoya, Atsuyoshi Mita, Akira Shimizu, Yasunari Ohno, Koji Kubota, Yuichi Masuda, Tsuyoshi Notake, Yuji Soejima

“…Case presentation A 25-year-old woman presented with cholestatic liver cirrhosis due to biliary atresia after Kasai procedure. Since her jaundice progressed, she was referred to our hospital for liver transplantation. …”
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Rapid laboratory confirmation of the 2025 Sudan Virus Disease (Svd) index case in Uganda by Andrew Nsawotebba, Susan Nabadda, Valeria Nakintu, Isaac Ssewanyana, Misaki Wayengera, Jonathan Kabazzi, Stephen Balinandi, Godfrey Pimundu, Tonny Muyigi, Alisen Ayitewala, Samuel Gidudu, Morgan Otita, Ibrahim Mugerwa, Moses Rubangakene, Sulaiman Ikoba, Sam Kalungi, Rhoda Wanyenze, Kevin K. Ariën, Eunice Namboozo, Benedict Kanamwanji, Steven Ssekyondwa, Ronald Kasujja, Derrick Kitwe, Catherine Dambya, Innocent Morunyanga, Reginald Rony Bahatungire, Francis Kakooza, Moses Joloba, Atek Kagirita, Allan Muruta, Pontiano Kaleebu, Henry Kyobe, Charles Olaro, Diana Atwine, Jane Ruth Aceng

“…This report describes the laboratory procedures used to confirm the 2025 SVD index case, emphasizing the vital role of rapid diagnostics in containing VHFs. …”
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COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among health professionals: a facility-based, cross-sectional study in the Amhara region, Ethiopia by Tesfahun Taddege Geremew, Mezgebu Yitayal, Girum Meseret Ayenew, Mastewal Worku, Taye Zeru, Desalew Salew, Melashu Balew Shiferaw, Molalign Tarekegn, Betelihem Belete, Abreham Amsalu, Demeke Endalamaw, Seid Legesse Hassen, Gizew Dessie Asres, Belay Bezabih, Gizachew Yismaw

“…Objectives To determine uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine and identify the associated factors among health professionals in major cities of the Amhara region in Ethiopia.Design Institution-based, cross-sectional study.Setting The study was conducted from July to September 2022 across 40 health centres and 13 hospitals, representing 10 major cities within the Amhara region.Participants 1251 participants, all of whom were vaccine-eligible health professionals, were selected using a systematic random sampling procedure.Outcome measures The level of vaccine uptake in the study was determined by the proportion of health professionals who had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine.Results 1251 health professionals participated, with 848 (67.8%) reporting that they had received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. …”
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Performance of GPT-4 for automated prostate biopsy decision-making based on mpMRI: a multi-center evidence study by Ming-Jun Shi, Zhi-Xiang Wang, Shuang-Kun Wang, Xuan-Hao Li, Yan-Lin Zhang, Ying Yan, Ran An, Li-Ning Dong, Lei Qiu, Tian Tian, Jia-Xin Liu, Hong-Chen Song, Ya-Fan Wang, Che Deng, Zi-Bing Cao, Hong-Yin Wang, Zheng Wang, Wei Wei, Jian Song, Jian Lu, Xuan Wei, Zhen-Chang Wang

“…Multiple artificial evaluation procedures were conducted. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, Fisher’s exact test, and Kruskal–Wallis tests were used for comparisons. …”
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Influence of Lineage-Negative Stem Cell Therapy on Articulatory Functions in ALS Patients by Wioletta Pawlukowska, Bartłomiej Baumert, Monika Gołąb-Janowska, Anna Sobuś, Agnieszka Wełnicka, Agnieszka Meller, Karolina Machowska-Sempruch, Alicja Zawiślak, Karolina Łuczkowska, Sławomir Milczarek, Bogumiła Osękowska, Edyta Paczkowska, Iwona Rotter, Przemysław Nowacki, Bogusław Machaliński

“…The prevention of deterioration of articulatory functions in ALS patients after applying adjuvant Lin− stem cell therapy seems to be promising. Although the procedure is safe and feasible, it requires further in-depth studies.…”
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Comparison of the application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and contrast-enhanced CT in puncture biopsy of peripheral pulmonary lesions by Gang Wang, Ji-cheng Zhang, Zhi-hua Wang, Bo Gou, Xiao-lin Liu, Gang Liu, Jian Liu

“…The overarching objective is to establish robust clinical benchmarks that can guide evidence - based decision - making in the field of pulmonary interventional procedures.MethodsA comparison of 420 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 who underwent biopsy using two different guidance methods, including 196 cases in the CEUS-guided biopsy group and 224 cases in the CECT-guided biopsy group. …”
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A qualitative study on dietary behaviors and nutritional management needs of patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (系统性红斑狼疮活动期患者饮食行为与营养管理需求的质性研究)... by SONG Weiting (宋炜婷), LI Yuwei (李雨蔚), QIAO Caicai (乔彩彩), WANG Sa (王飒), XUE Fei (薛菲), WANG Yuzhen (王玉珍), MIAO Huali (苗华丽)

“…It is recommended that clinical settings develop symptom-specific nutritional guidance tools and incorporate nutritional screening into routine assessment procedures. The aim is to establish a standardized path of assessment, education, and follow-up through multidisciplinary collaboration, and explore digital intervention strategies to enhance patient compliance. …”
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Advanced airway interventions for paediatric cardiac arrest: updated systematic review and meta-analysis by Jason Acworth, Jimena del Castillo, Elliott Acworth, Lokesh Tiwari, Jesus Lopez-Herce, Eric Lavonas, Laurie Morrison, Barnaby R. Scholefield

“…Placement of an advanced airway device may facilitate more effective resuscitation than bag-mask ventilation but requires more skilled personnel and the time taken to perform the procedure may interfere with other vital components of resuscitation. …”
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Metabolic-imaging of human glioblastoma live tumors: A new precision-medicine approach to predict tumor treatment response early by Mariangela Morelli, Francesca Lessi, Serena Barachini, Serena Barachini, Romano Liotti, Romano Liotti, Nicola Montemurro, Paolo Perrini, Orazio Santo Santonocito, Carlo Gambacciani, Matija Snuderl, Francesco Pieri, Filippo Aquila, Azzurra Farnesi, Antonio Giuseppe Naccarato, Paolo Viacava, Francesco Cardarelli, Gianmarco Ferri, Gianmarco Ferri, Paul Mulholland, Diego Ottaviani, Fabiola Paiar, Gaetano Liberti, Francesco Pasqualetti, Francesco Pasqualetti, Michele Menicagli, Paolo Aretini, Giovanni Signore, Sara Franceschi, Chiara Maria Mazzanti

“…The number of MGMT gene promoter methylated tumors was higher in the responsive group, as expected, however, some non-methylated tumor cases turned out to be nevertheless responsive to TMZ, suggesting that our procedure could be synergistic with the classical MGMT methylation biomarker.ConclusionsFor the first time, FLIM-based metabolic imaging was used on live glioblastoma organoids. …”
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A multicentre registry of hospitalized patients with acute and chronic heart failure: Study design of the H2‐registry by Johannes Leiner, Sebastian König, Anne Nitsche, Sven Hohenstein, Jana Nagel, Melchior Seyfarth, Henning Baberg, Alexander Lauten, Hans Neuser, Alexander Staudt, Jürgen Tebbenjohanns, René Andrié, Michael Niehaus, Markus W. Ferrari, Ralf Kuhlen, Andreas Bollmann

“…Data collection is based on a set of variables following recommendations of the International Consortium of Health Outcome Measurements (ICHOM) covering data on demographics, medical history, HF characteristics, medication, procedures, and patients' perceived health status via the collection of standardized PROs. …”
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Enhancing needle puncture detection using high-pass filtering and diffuse reflectance by Rachael L’Orsa, Rachael L’Orsa, Rachael L’Orsa, Rachael L’Orsa, Anupam Bisht, Linhui Yu, Kartikeya Murari, Kartikeya Murari, Kartikeya Murari, Garnette R. Sutherland, Garnette R. Sutherland, David T. Westwick, Katherine J. Kuchenbecker

“…Very high failure rates (up to 94.1%) have been reported for pre-hospital needle decompression, however, and the procedure can result in the accidental puncture of critical thoracic tissues because it is performed blind. …”
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Disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on socially vulnerable communities: the case of Jane and Finch in Toronto, Ontario by Zahra Movahedi Nia, Zahra Movahedi Nia, Zahra Movahedi Nia, Cheryl Prescod, Michelle Westin, Patricia Perkins, Patricia Perkins, Mary Goitom, Mary Goitom, Kesha Fevrier, Kesha Fevrier, Sylvia Bawa, Sylvia Bawa, Jude Dzevela Kong, Jude Dzevela Kong, Jude Dzevela Kong, Jude Dzevela Kong, Jude Dzevela Kong, Jude Dzevela Kong

“…ObjectiveThis work aims to study the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Jane and Finch community, one of the socially vulnerable neighborhoods in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), Ontario, Canada, in terms of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare services.MethodologyA dataset provided by the Black Creek Community Health Centre (BCCHC), gathered from different health-related portals, covering various health statistics during COVID-19, namely, COVID-19 number of cases, hospitalizations, deaths, percentage of vaccination with one-, two-, and three-dose(s), Primary and Preventive Care (PPC) visits which include fecal and pap-smear cancer tests, and percentage of completed Imaging, Procedures, and Surgeries (IPS) which include the number of patients waiting for surgery were studied using statistical analysis. …”
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