Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Perfobond Rib Shear Connectors Embedded in Recycled Aggregate Concrete by Zhenxuan Yu, Shaohua He, Ayman S. Mosallam, Shuo Jiang, Wenxian Feng

“…Numerical simulation results showed that the PBL ultimate strength obtained based on the perforated plate fracture failure mode increases linearly as the steel rebar diameter increases. Also, numerical results indicated that as steel plate strength and thickness increase, failure mode changes from steel plate fracture to rupture of reinforced concrete dowels. …”
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Toward Robust GNSS Real-Time Orbit Determination for Microsatellites Using Factor Graph Optimization by Cong Hou, Xiaojun Jin, Xiaopeng Yang, Tong Xiao

“…Factor graph optimization (FGO), which addresses nonlinear problems through multiple iterations and re-linearization, has demonstrated superior accuracy and robustness compared to EKF in challenging environments such as urban canyons. …”
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ScITree: Scalable Bayesian inference of transmission tree from epidemiological and genomic data. by Hannah Waddel, Katia Koelle, Max S Y Lau

“…Additionally, our method scales significantly more efficiently for large outbreaks, with computing time increasing linearly with outbreak size, compared to the exponential scaling of the Lau method. …”
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DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF METHODS FOR QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL SUBSTANCES IN NASAL SPRAY by M. V. Larskiy, A. E. Pozdnyakova, Z. D. Khadzhieva, D. I. Pozdnyakov

“…The validation procedures showed that the developed methodology correspond to all the criteria of validity in terms of the following indicators: correctness, precision, specificity and linearity in the analytical area.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the possibility of using the method of high-performance liquid chromatography in a gradient elution mode with a mobile phase of the composition of a 50 mmol/L solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with methanol (45:55) for the simultaneous quantitative determination of active pharmaceutical ingredients – fexofenadine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate as parts of a promising nasal spray for the allergic rhinitis treatment.…”
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Development and Validation of the Stability of p-SCN-Bn-Df via the Reversed-Phase Chromatography Method: Practical Experiences by Anjli Shrivastav, Mohd. Faheem, Vaibhav Pandey, Manish Dixit

“…The ICH guideline was used to evaluate the linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), specificity, and system appropriateness criteria to validate the optimized chromatographic and spectrophotometric procedures. …”
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Identification and quantification of glucose degradation products in heat-sterilized glucose solutions for parenteral use by thin-layer chromatography. by Sarah Leitzen, Matthias Vogel, Anette Engels, Thomas Zapf, Martin Brandl

“…Glyoxal (GO)/methylglyoxal (MGO) and 3-deoxyglucosone (3-DG)/3-deoxygalactosone (3-DGal) could be identified and quantified in pairs, glucosone (2-KDG), 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and 3,4-dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE) each individually. For 2-KDG, the linearity of the method was demonstrated in the range of 1-50 μg/mL, for 5-HMF and 3,4-DGE 1-75 μg/mL, for GO/MGO 2-150 μg/mL, and for 3-DG/3-DGal 10-150 μg/mL. …”
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Characteristics of in-situ stresses and engineering stability analysis on the south section of the Bohai Strait Cross-Sea Corridor project by QIAO Erwei, MA Xiumin, GUO Hualin, Sun Yao, JIANG Jingjie

“…Results  The analysis of the measured data indicates that the in-situ stress field is controlled by horizontal tectonic stress in the study area, and the horizontal stress values are at an intermediate level compared with those obtained elsewhere in the Northeast−North China Stress Zone; SH (the maximum horizontal principal stress), Sh (the minimum horizontal principal stress), and Sv (the vertical principal stress) change linearly with the depth of the BGZ borehole; in the depth range of the measurements, the shallow surface stress of the crust is mainly reverse fault type, that is, the relationship of the three principal stresses is SH>Sh>Sv. …”
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Facile Fabrication of Polydopamine-Functionalized Titanium Dioxide Nano/Submicro-Particles on the NiTi Substrate for Highly Efficient Solid-Phase Microextraction of Benzotriazole U... by Huiju Wang, Shoujia Wang, Kang Li, Yulong Ma, Tianhong Zhou

“…Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves presented good linearity for BUvFs in the ranges from 0.01 µg·L−1 to 300 µg·L−1, and the correlation coefficients (r) were above 0.9990. …”
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Kinetics of Heterogeneous Reaction of Ozone with Oleic Acid and Its Dependence on Droplet Size, Relative Humidity, and Ozone Concentration by Guang Zeng, Dong Fu, Sara Holladay, Danielle Langlois, Judas Kelley, J. Duncan Kish, Yong Liu

“…Specifically, the pseudo-first-order rate constant <i>k</i>_app and the uptake coefficient γ displayed a size dependence, with <i>k</i>_app decreasing from ~4.5 × 10⁻³ to ~3.2 × 10⁻³ and γ linearly increasing from ~4.4 × 10⁻⁵ to ~3.2 × 10⁻⁴ as the suspended droplet diameter increased from 0.1 to 1.0 μm. …”
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The development and validation of HPLC-DMD method for intermediate products impurities determination of morpholinium 2-((4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-(pyridine-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-y... by B. O. Varynskyi, A. G. Kaplaushenko

“…A method was complied with linearity criteria, specificity, precision and accuracy. …”
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Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Associated with Congestive Heart Failure in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study by Zhiwen Xiao, Jianwei Tian, Fen Zhang, Xiaohong Zhong, Tingting Zhang, Zhixiu Yi, Yanhong Lin, Cong Yang, Dan Tang, Nirong Gong, Jun Ai

“…Dialysate MMP7 presented a good linearity with serum MMP7. Baseline serum and dialysate MMP7 levels were associated with CHF in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. …”
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Investigating the Intense Sediment Load by Dam‐Break Floods Using a Meshless Two‐Phase Mathematical Model by Xiafei Guan, Kailun Hu, Xin Chen, Junliang Gao, Huabin Shi

“…Sediment stream‐wise velocity in bed‐load layer follows a power‐law vertical distribution while sediment volumetric fraction decreases linearly upwards. Accordingly, a formulation of the vertical distribution of bed‐load transport flux, contradictory to the parabolic law in existing studies, is proposed. …”
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Power Through or Keep Looking? Comparing Species‐Area Relationships of Habitat Fragments and Their Drivers in Different Ecoregions by Travis S. Steffens, Alexandria E. Cosby, Mamy Razafitsalama, Shawn M. Lehman, Jean‐Luc Raharison, Mitchell T. Irwin

“…ABSTRACT Our study aimed to (1) determine how the shape varies and mechanisms influence species‐area relationships within the same taxon but between different ecoregions and (2) determine how slope (z) and intercept (c) values of the linearized power model were influenced by ecoregion. …”
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Green chromatographic approach to determine methocarbamol, aspirin and their related impurities in their combined pharmaceutical formulation and human plasma: with computational ev... by Yasmine F. Bassuoni, Asmaa M. AboulMagd, Maha M. Ibrahim

“…The proposed method succeeded to achieve linearity over a concentration ranges of 0.30–50.00 μg mL−1, 1.00–300.00 μg mL−1, 10.00–500.00 μg mL−1 and 0.10–50.00 μg mL−1 for GUF, MET, ASP and SA, respectively. …”
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The Stability of Isometry by Singular Value Decomposition by Soon-Mo Jung, Jaiok Roh

“…In this paper, by applying singular value decomposition, we improve the previous stability constants by <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>C</mi><msqrt><mi>n</mi></msqrt><mi>ε</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> for bounded subsets, where the constant <i>C</i> depends on the approximate linearity parameter <i>K</i>, which is defined later.…”
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Ecological assessment of extreme temperature and fine particulate matter (pm2.5) impact on diabetes service and outcomes in Thailand by Bumi Herman, Jason Kai Wei Lee, Xihao Du, Yot Terawattananon

“…Maximum temperature was found to non-linearly reduce diabetes screening, particularly between 31.6 °C and 41.9 °C, while no significant association was observed with PM2.5 levels. …”
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Technical and economic analysis of retrofitting concentrated solar collector to generate the thermal energy required for the crude oil products distillation process by Saif W. Mohammed Ali, Hussam H. Jabbar, Abbas K. Alshaibany

“…The land area analysis shows that the required area is increasing linearly in a rate of (0.62 kW/m2). The validation with recorded data from literature shows a good agreement in compare with the current work.…”
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Dermatoglifia e composição corporal em apnéia obstrutiva do sono Dermatoglyphics and body composition in obstructive sleep apnea by Luiz Bittencourt Mercanti, Marcio L. de S. Bezerra, José Fernandes Filho, Claudio José Struchiner

“…The endomorph-mesomorph somatotype category predominates among cases showing high adiposity and relative muscle-skeletic development, such as relative linearity of great mass per unit of height. Increased morbidity, as given by more serious indices of apnea, correlates positively with higher mesomorphic predominance in the body composition. …”
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Disponibilidade energética para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar nos tabuleiros costeiros do estado da Paraíba by Pedro V. de Azevedo, Luciano M. F. Saboya, José Dantas Neto, Fabricio da S. Oliveira, José R. C. Bezerra, Carlos H. de A. Farias

“…Para as fases de crescimento máximo e maturação observou-se que: a) não houve mudanças significativas no comportamento dos componentes do balanço de radiação; b) o albedo variou de 0,17 a 0,27 com média de 0,23; c) as regressões lineares entre o saldo de radiação e o saldo de radiação de ondas curtas apresentaram elevados níveis de correlação; d) o coeficiente térmico diminuiu e o coeficiente de transformação em ondas longas aumentou com o aumento da cobertura vegetal; e) o saldo de radiação diário e os fluxos de calor latente e sensível aumentaram do período chuvoso para o período seco e f) 82% do saldo de radiação foram utilizados como calor latente, 16% como calor sensível para aquecimento do ar e 2% como calor sensível para aquecimento do solo.…”
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CFD-based optimization of solar water heating systems: Integrating evacuated tube and flat plate collectors for enhanced efficiency by Mukilarasan Nedunchezhiyan, Sathiyamoorthi Ramalingam, Poyyamozhi Natesan, Senthil Sampath

“…Pressure distribution is found to be a predominant factor in influencing the heat transfer efficiency, as it increases linearly from inlet to outlet due to an increased flow rate. …”
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