Key drivers of non-revenue water in developing countries: Insights from a multilevel study in Brazil by Cláudia Orsini Machado de Sousa, Rafael de Freitas Souza, Nuno Manoel Martins Dias Fouto

“…This study employs a two-level hierarchical linear model (HLM2) to analyze NRW drivers in 310 Brazilian municipalities from 2017 to 2021. …”
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Predictive efficacy of waist-related indices for sarcopenic obesity incidence in Chinese older adults: a nationwide cohort study by Chen Zhang, Landan Xiao, Hao Lu, Huisheng Deng

“…Threshold effect analyses revealed non-linear relationships for BRI and WHtR. The predictive model based on GAMs demonstrated strong discrimination (C-index: 0.879 for the modeling set and 0.876 for the validation set) and good clinical utility. …”
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Relationship between childhood trauma and risk-taking and self-harm behaviors among Eswatini adolescents by Thobile Ntshalintshali, Mokoena Patronella Maepa

“…A Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used to test the association of childhood trauma with risk-taking and self-harm behaviors. …”
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Literature review for the topic of automation of scheduling classes and exams in higher education institutions by Wadhah M Al-Gabri

“…Graph theory methods, heuristic and hybrid optimization algorithms, linear integer programming techniques, system analysis methods, and other modern techniques of discrete mathematics are applied to solve the problems in hand. …”
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Proper Use of Capillary Number in Chemical Flooding by Hu Guo, Ma Dou, Wang Hanqing, Fuyong Wang, Gu Yuanyuan, Zhaoyan Yu, Wang Yansheng, Yiqiang Li

“…Misuse of CDC in EOR included the ignorance of mobility ratio, Darcy linear flow hypothesis, difference between microscopic capillary number and the microscopic one, and heterogeneity caused flow regime alteration. …”
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Analytical method for simultaneous quantification of levodopa and carbidopa in the injectable oleogel formulation by HPLC by Deepa D. Nakmode, Souha H. Youssef, Soumyajit Das, Yunmei Song, Sanjay Garg

“…The validation of the method according to US FDA guidelines and results were found to be within acceptable limits. The method was linear from 10–100 µg/ml (r2 = 0.999) and 10–100 µg/ml (r2 = 0.999) for LD and CD, respectively. …”
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Sonochemical Preparation and Subsequent Fixation of Oxygen-Free Graphene Sheets at N,N-Dimethyloctylamine-Aqua Boundary by Elena A. Trusova, Klara V. Kotsareva, Alexey N. Kirichenko, Sergey S. Abramchuk, Igor A. Perezhogin

“…The proposed method allows to obtain both 2D graphene sheets with micron linear dimensions and 3D packages with a high content of defects. …”
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Low-cost fiber-based electrochemical sensor for quantification of acetaminophen in human breast milk by Mona A. Mohamed, Melissa Banks, Sina Khazaee Nejad, Abdulrahman Al-Shami, Ali Soleimani, Haozheng Ma, Farbod Amirghasemi, Victor Ong, Maral P. S. Mousavi

“…Using square wave voltammetry, the sensor achieves a linear detection range of 9.9–166.4 μM in undiluted breast milk, with a limit of detection of 1.15 μM. …”
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Location Allocation of Biorefineries for a Switchgrass-Based Bioethanol Supply Chain Using Energy Consumption and Emissions by Seyed Ali Haji Esmaeili, Ahmad Sobhani, Sajad Ebrahimi, Joseph Szmerekovsky, Alan Dybing, Amin Keramati

“…In the second stage, the profit of the corresponding switchgrass-based bioethanol supply chain is maximized by developing a mixed-integer linear program that aims to commercialize the bioethanol production while impacts of energy use and carbon emission costs on the supply chain decisions and siting of biorefineries are included. …”
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Bias Correction Methods Applied to Satellite Rainfall Products over the Western Part of Saudi Arabia by Ibrahim H. Elsebaie, Atef Q. Kawara, Raied Alharbi, Ali O. Alnahit

“…Four bias correction methods—linear scaling, nonlinear adjustment, quantile mapping and artificial neural networks (ANN)—were applied. …”
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The Associations between body composition, macronutrient intake, and physical fitness in adolescent swimmers by Renaldy Carlos Gunawan, Satwika Arya Pratama

“…Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to evaluate associations, adjusting for age, sex, weight, and height. …”
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Spatial Trajectory Tracking of Underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicles by Model–Data-Driven Learning Adaptive Robust Control by Linyuan Guo, Ran Zhou, Qingchang Guo, Liran Ma, Chuxiong Hu, Jianbin Luo

“…Secondly, the dynamics controller is designed for AUVs, which consists of a linear feedback term, a nonlinear robust feedback term, an adjustable model compensation term, and a fast dynamic compensation term. …”
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Validation of a Method for the Determination of Artificial Sweeteners and Caffeine in Soft Drinks: The Impact of Regression Function Selection on Quantification Limits Considering... by Natàlia Hernández, Juan M. Sanchez

“…Results: The validated method exhibited heteroscedasticity for all analytes, which is common in experimental methods. A linear response was observed within the working range for sweeteners, while a quadratic regression was required for caffeine. …”
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Does the Weekly Distribution of Games and Competition Density Affect Training Load in Elite Male Basketball Players Based on their Playing Role? by Hugo Salazar, Luka Svilar, Julen Castellano, Jairo Vázquez-Guerrero, Enrique Alonso Perez-Chao

“…The weekly workload was determined by recording PlayerLoad™ using microsensors during basketball practices and estimations for games. A linear mixed model with Bonferroni post-hoc tests was used to compare the workload among weeks and player roles. …”
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Analytic Study of a Novel Color Image Encryption Method Based on the Chaos System and Color Codes by Shamsa Kanwal, Saba Inam, Omar Cheikhrouhou, Kinza Mahnoor, Atef Zaguia, Habib Hamam

“…Three phases are involved in the proposed image encryption technique. Piecewise chaotic linear map (PWLCM) is used in the first phase for permuting the digital image. …”
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Control Strategy of an Integrated Tunable Laser With a Single Intra-Cavity AMZI Filter by Martin Skenderas, Pablo Marin-Palomo, Spencer W. Jolly, Martin Virte

“…We find that due to imperfections of Electro-Optic Phase Modulators (EOPMs), the dependence of the phase variation with the applied voltage is not linear. Because integrated EOPMs cannot be individually calibrated, these nonlinearities prevent a precise and independent tuning of the phase and amplitude of the AMZI transfer function, and thus continuous tuning cannot be reliably achieved. …”
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Ecological value enhancement through Acropora coral transplantation in a pristine reef area in Wakatobi by Andarias S. Hafidhawati, Cahyani Waode Sitti, Suherman La Ode Achmad, Nurcahyo Edy, Salam Safrin, Jumui Jumui, Ridwan Malik, Hasan Ridwan, Shaadikin Rahman, Hamka Eddy

“…A total of 58 coral fragments, each measuring 7–10 cm, were transplanted in August 2024 and monitored for eight months. Survival rate and linear growth were evaluated as indicators of transplantation success. …”
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REDUCING WEAR AND POWER CONSUMPTION IN TRIBOLOGICAL SYSTEMS USING CARBON-BASED NANO-LUBRICANTS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY by Aimen Zeiny, Ward F. Arear, Qasim H. Hassan, Abbas A. Diwan, Luay S. Alansari

“…The findings revealed linear relationships between nanoparticle concentration and viscosity, thermal conductivity, power reduction, and wear reduction. …”
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Okul Öncesi Eğitimi Öğretmen Adaylarının Empatik Eğilim Düzeyleri ile Düşünme Stilleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi by Metin YAŞAR, Ahmet EROL

“…Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programı yardımıyla yüzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalama, t-testi, ANOVA, Pearson Momentler Çarpımı ve Linear Regresyon gibi istatistiksel yöntemler kullanarak çözümlenmiştir. …”
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Critical Evaluation and Validation of a High-Throughput Microplate-Based Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity Method for the Analysis of Fish Feed Ingredients by Aleksander Arnø, Viviana Sarmiento, Odd Elvebø, Pedro Araujo

“…Under these conditions, the CUPRAC assay demonstrated a linear range of 0–50 μM, a limit of detection of 0.91 μM, and a limit of quantification of 2.75 μM. …”
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