Constrained Adaptive Weighted Particle Swarm Optimization (C-AWPSO) Algorithm for Dipping Fault Parameter Inversion by Shiquan Su, Juntao Liang, Chuang Xu, Feiyu Zhang, Hangtao Yu

“…The research findings are as follows: (1) The linearly decreasing inertia weight strategy performs best in terms of convergence efficiency and global search capability; (2) among the fault parameters, the top-layer center depth <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and bottom-layer center depth <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>w</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> show higher sensitivity, and the inversion results for these parameters are more stable, which is beneficial for determining the depth information of faults; (3) introducing L2 regularization and penalty terms as constraints significantly improves the inversion stability, and among these, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>z</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>w</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> have a particularly notable impact on the error.…”
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Association between oxidative balance score and osteosarcopenia in US adults: insights from a population-based study by Zhonghua Sun, Jiahui Yang, Xinyu Tao, Yangyang Weng, Ling Ding, Yameng Xu, Chen Qu, Zhengxia Liu

“…Additionally, we examined the relationships between dietary and lifestyle OBS and osteosarcopenia separately.ResultsThe study included 3,336 adults (mean age: 43.30 ± 13.73 years; 53.15% males) with complete data on muscle mass and bone mineral density. OBS was linearly and negatively associated with osteosarcopenia and effectively differentiated individuals with osteosarcopenia from healthy individuals. …”
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Re-evaluating riboflavin requirements for laying quails: Implications for productivity and yolk antioxidant function by Osman Olgun, Esra Tuğçe Gül, Gözde Kılınç, Alpönder Yıldız, Ainhoa Sarmiento-García

“…In terms of antioxidant capacity, yolk DPPH radical scavenging activity increased linearly with riboflavin supplementation (P < 0.01), while malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations decreased, particularly at 12 mg/kg (P = 0.025). …”
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Association between systemic immune-inflammatory biomarkers (SII, NLR, PLR, LMR) and breast cancer by Ying Wen, Yuanyuan Tang, Qiongyan Zou

“…SII (OR = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.02–1.39; p = 0.026), NLR (OR = 1.60; 95%CI: 1.23–2.10; p < 0.001), and PLR (OR = 1.41; 95%CI: 1.12–1.77; p = 0.003) were positively associated with breast cancer risk, while LMR (OR = 0.55; 95%CI: 0.41–0.74; p < 0.001) was negatively associated with breast cancer risk, and all were linearly correlated (P-nonlinear > 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that elevated SII levels were particularly associated with increased breast cancer prevalence among women aged ≥65 years. …”
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An optimization model for identifying backbone networks to enhance the resilience of distribution networks by Zefeng Zhu, Liang Liang, Shunbo Lei, Ruimin Zheng, Xiangjun Kong, Elena Gryazina

“…It also incorporates the multi-line security principle, which enhances the topological robustness of the distribution network by increasing the power supply paths for critical loads. A linearized hierarchical decomposition strategy decoupled the NP-hard problem into 110kV and 220kV subproblems reducing computational complexity while ensuring global optimality. …”
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Fast 3D localization of nano-objects in wide-field interferometric scattering microscopy via vectorial diffraction model-derived analytical fitting by Liaoliao Wei, Caroline Livan Anyi, Huakun Li, Haitao Nie, Bihan Wen, Tong Ling

“…The simplified analytic function includes a quadratically scaling amplitude term and a linearly scaling phase term, both of which change with the nano-object’s axial position. …”
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Harmonic vowels and neural dynamics: MEG evidence for auditory resonance integration in singing by Wolfgang Saus, Wolfgang Saus, Annemarie Seither-Preisler, Peter Schneider, Peter Schneider, Peter Schneider, Peter Schneider

“…Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings from 17 participants revealed distinct modulations in cortical oscillatory activity.ResultsTheta-band power (4–7 Hz) increased linearly with decreasing speech content and showed strong right-hemispheric lateralization (partial η² = 0.82), indicating a key role in the cortical representation of spectral content. …”
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Experimental Study of Temperature Distribution and Evolution Law of Fractured Rock Mass During Heat Transfer Process by Baoping Xi, Keliu Liu, Qiang Fan, Fuzhi Han, Wenzhuo Zhao

“…Steady temperatures decrease nonlinearly and linearly with increasing distance from the heat source on the left and right side of the fracture. …”
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Validation of a test procedure for determination of specific activity of human recombinant interferon beta (Infibeta®) using various cell/virus combinations by Yu. N. Lebedeva, N. A. Litvinova, T. N. Lobanova, R. R. Shukurov, R. A. Khamitov, L. A. Gaiderova

“…The following validation characteristics were determined in the cell/virus systems: specificity, linearity, precision, and robustness. Conclusions: the study validated the test procedure that enables measurement of interferon beta specific activity in the range of 4.8–11.2 IU/mL at a satisfactory accuracy level, which guarantees reliable test results. …”
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Application of Langmuir Isotherms to Describe Zinc and Copper Adsorption in Some Gypsiferous Soils by Mahmood Ahmed L. Al-Bayati, Yasir Hmood Ijresh AL-janabi, Basim Shakir Obaid AL-Obaidi

“…This study aims to evaluate and compare the adsorption behavior of copper and zinc in some gypsiferous soils using the linearization methods of the Langmuir equation. Six surface soil samples were taken from three different sites in Salah al-Din and Najaf governorates. …”
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Four-dimensional green transportation problem considering multiple objectives and product blending in Fermatean fuzzy environment by Monika Bisht, Ali Ebrahimnejad

“…Additionally, we propose a ranking index for TrFFNs and, by utilizing its linearity, transform the Fermatean fuzzy model into its corresponding deterministic form. …”
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Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of five COVID-19 antiviral drugs in pharmaceutical formulations by Mohamed W. Nassar, Ahmed Serag, Mohamed A. Hasan, Mohamed Kamel

“…The method was validated according to ICH guidelines, showing linearity in the concentration range of 10–50 µg/mL with correlation coefficients (r²) ≥ 0.9997 for all analytes. …”
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Geochemical features of a soil chronosequence developed on basalt in Hainan Island, China by Gan-Lin Zhang, Cheng-Min Huang, Zi-Tong Gong

“…REE content increased linearly with soil age so it can express the degree of soil development. …”
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Circulating growth differentiation factor-15 concentration and hypertension risk: a dose-response meta-analysis by Zhengqing Yu, Jianshu Gao, Zhongwei Zhou, Li Li, Sanqiang Hu

“…Significant heterogeneity was detected in the pooled analysis and meta-regression analysis suggested that participants’ age and the prevalence of diabetes significantly accounted for the heterogeneity.ConclusionsCirculating GDF-15 is positively and non-linearly associated with the prevalence of hypertension, with a plateau or slight decline after reaching a certain GDF-15 dose. …”
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HPTLC-fluorescent densitometry for screening aflatoxin B1 in millet and buckwheat by Xudong Shi, Xingjun Xi, Yuetao Jia, Zhijian Wang, Jiawei Guo, Shiyao Wang, Xiaoqian Tang, Yisheng Chen

“…Apart from that, good linearity (0.999) was obtained within the range of 1−80 ng/band of AFB1. …”
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Asymmetric and Symmetric Dimethylarginine as Risk Markers for Total Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. by Sabrina Schlesinger, Svenja R Sonntag, Wolfgang Lieb, Renke Maas

“…Dose-response relations were assessed by restricted cubic spline regression models and potential non-linearity was evaluated using a likelihood ratio test. …”
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Analysis of the Raman spectrum of high-power amplifiers of wireless communication systems by Minh Tuong Nguyen, Viktor I. Nefedov, Igor V. Kozlovsky, Alexey V. Malafeev, Kirill A. Selenya, Natalia A. Mirolyubova

“…With an increase in the quality of information transmission in mobile wireless communication systems, there are special requirements for powerful amplification systems (PAS) of receiving-transmitting tracts, which must have high efficiency and high output power, required bandwidth, network capacity, and linearity of message transmission channels. To achieve maximum efficiency in the PAS, the operating point of its amplifying element should be near the saturation region, on the main nonlinearity of the transfer characteristic. …”
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Crop Residue Orientation Influences Soil Water and Wheat Growth Under Rainfed Mediterranean Conditions by George Swella, Phil Ward, Kadambot H. M. Siddique, Ken C. Flower

“…The average soil water storage was linearly related to the total residue quantity (r² = 0.86). …”
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A Double-blind Randomized Comparative Phase I Study to Assess Biosimilarity and Immunogenicity of "Trastuzumab" (LLC "Mabscale", Russia) and Herceptin® (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.,... by M. A. Kolganova, E. E. Beketov, V. V. Pisarev, A. V. Ivanov, S. V. Vasiliev, I. E. Shokhin

“…Trastuzumab quantitation method in human blood serum was validated for selectivity, calibration curve and regression model, sensitivity (LLOQ), accuracy and precision, MRD, dilution linearity and stability. The method for anti-trastuzumab antibodies detection, that was previously described by the authors, was validated for cut-point, selectivity, sensitivity, prozone effect, drug tolerance, precision and stability (short-term and long-term). …”
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Dose profile evaluation of a 137Cs source using a solid water phantom by Caio Fernando Teixeira Portela, Thêssa Cristina Alonso, Arnado Prata Mourão

“…Radiochromic films are characterized by their linearity, reproducibility, uniformity, sensitivity, and stability after irradiation. …”
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