Regulatory requirements of the European Medicines Agency for evaluation of bioequivalence of modified-release medicinal products by D. P. Romodanovsky, N. N. Eremenko, D. V. Goryachev

“…The number of parameters to be assessed and the scope of testing depend on many factors (release mechanism, specific features of the dosage form, linearity of pharmacokinetics, potential for ingredient accumulation, dependence on food intake, dose-dumping effects, and the number of dosage strengths to be registered). …”
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Chameleon gravity as an alternative to dark matter by Raziyeh Zaregonbadi, Nasim Saba, Mehrdad Farhoudi

“…We obtain that the mass associated with the chameleon scalar field varies linearly with the radius of galaxy, and hence, the tangential speed in that region is constant, which is consistent with observational data without any need to introduce a mysterious dark matter. …”
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PAPR Reduction in DCO-OFDM Visible Light Communication Systems Using Optimized Odd and Even Sequences Combination by Wei-Wen Hu

“…In the proposed scheme, the candidates can be generated by linearly combining time-domain even and odd sequences with cyclic shift and phase rotation. …”
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Investigation on Broadening Compressor Surge Margin by Using Active Magnetic Bearing by Yingzhe Lin, Gen Bai, Yunkai Huang, Jin Zhou, Xudong Guan, Jiyong Dong

“…The results show that the pressure ratio and efficiency of the impeller at the design point decreased linearly with the increase of the gap. For each 1% increment in CR, the pressure ratio reduces by 0.02 and the polytropic compression efficiency declines by 0.5%. …”
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Investigation of regularities of occurrence of external effects of education and their significance for the economic development by A. Kh. Karanashev, A. V. Blinnikova, V. D. Orekhov

“…Realizing this effect, the largest economies of the world (the USA, the European Union, China and Japan) have been increasing the share of specialists with tertiary (vocational) education approximately linearly at a rate of 0,8 ±0,2% per year over the past 25 years. …”
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Effect of Moisture Content and Normal Impact Velocity on the Coefficient of Restitution of ‘Memory’ Wheat Grains by Jacek Marcinkiewicz, Grzegorz Waldemar Ślaski, Mikołaj Spadło

“…Force–time curves were examined to evaluate restitution velocity, the coefficient of restitution (CoR) and the effect of moisture on elastic–plastic deformation. CoR decreased non-linearly as impact velocity rose from 1.0 to 5.0 m·s⁻¹, and moisture content increased from 7% to 16%, falling from ≈ 0.60 to 0.40–0.50. …”
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Ambiente construído e a caminhada entre os idosos: uma revisão sistemática by Jefferson Magalhães, Licinio da Silva Portugal

“…Os efeitos de algumas dessas variáveis são não lineares e dependentes do contexto geográfico. Contudo, apenas três artigos preocuparam-se em relacionar as medidas objetivas do AC às percepções dos idosos acerca dessas características. …”
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In Vitro Effects of Fenugreek, Sunflower, Green Cardamom and Seed Extracts on Motility Parameters and Oxidative Stress of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) spermatozoa by Burak Evren İnanan, Mahir Kanyılmaz

“…Among sperm motility parameters, curvilinear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight-line velocity (VSL), straightness STR), linearity (LIN), and wobble (WOB) were determined by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). …”
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A Validated RP-HPLC Stability Method for the Estimation of Chlorthalidone and Its Process-Related Impurities in an API and Tablet Formulation by Chaitali Kharat, Vaishali A. Shirsat, Yogita M. Kodgule, Mandar Kodgule

“…Validation studies for the in-house process impurities were performed for specificity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), linearity, precision, accuracy, and robustness. Thus, an improved RP-HPLC method capable of good separation of all known and unknown impurities with acceptable resolution and tailing factor was developed.…”
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The cultivation possibility of tall oat grass and red clover mixture on acidic soil in order to develop a sustainable management system by Dalibor TOMIĆ, Vladeta STEVOVIĆ, Dragan ĐUROVIĆ, Miloš MARJANOVIĆ, Nenad PAVLOVIĆ, Milomirka MADIĆ, Vladimir ZORNIĆ, Đorđe LAZAREVIĆ

“…And if it was expected that the proportion of clover and the intensity of nitrogen fixation generally increase with the application of soil liming, this study showed that in some cases the crop responded differently and non-linearly to the application of lime. By growing red clover in a mixture with tall oat grass and applying soil liming on acidic soils, satisfactory yields can be achieved while recovering the soil from intensive exploitation, which can be good practice for developing a sustainable management system in agriculture. …”
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Development and Validation of Targeted Metabolomics Methods Using Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the Quantification of 235 Plasma Metabolites by Kangkang Xu, Franz Berthiller, Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli, Heidi E. Schwartz-Zimmermann

“…Validation in porcine plasma included assessments of carryover, linearity, detection and quantification limits, repeatability and recovery. …”
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An exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise is associated with attenuated exercise‐induced acute cognitive improvement: A pilot study by Narumi Kunimatsu, Hayato Tsukamoto, Takuro Washio, Shotaro Saito, Marino Karaki, Hervé Normand, Shigehiko Ogoh

“…Individual changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) were significantly and linearly related to the decrease in reaction time during a cognitive task, indicating cognitive improvement following exercise (p < 0.01). …”
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Development and application of an LC–MS/MS method for quantification of fosmidomycin in human and rat plasma by Christoph Pfaffendorf, Keanu D. Sackmann, Johannes Mischlinger, Jean Claude Dejon-Agobé, Oumou Maïga-Ascofaré, Ebenezer Ahenkan, Ayôla Akim Adegnika, Michael Ramharter, Philipp Uhl, Gert Fricker, Sebastian G. Wicha

“…Results The method validation confirmed its selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, and stability. Notably, the calibration range was established from 0.25 to 15 mg/L, demonstrating improvements over previous methodologies with lower limits of quantification of 0.5–1.0 mg/L. …”
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Molecular diversity of dissolved organic matter reflects macroecological patterns in river networks by Erika C. Freeman, Maruti K. Mudunuru, Kelli L. Feeser, Emily Ann McClure, Ricardo González-Pinzón, Christopher S. Ward, Eric M. Bottos, Stefan Krause, Jasquelin Peña, Michelle E. Newcomer

“…Crucially, the scaling parameters (B, baseline chemodiversity; Z, sensitivity) are linearly interrelated. This B–Z relationship is most robust for potentially bio-labile carbohydrates (coefficient of determination R2 ≈ 0.85), diminishing for recalcitrant, plant-derived molecules (such as lignin), and indicates (potential) biolability-dependent coupling between baseline diversity and environmental responsiveness. …”
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In situ identification and quantification of genotoxic sulfonyl chloride impurity in topiramate (Topamax tablets) via LC-MS/MS by Hitesh Thumbar, Jayesh Dhalani, Hetal Patel, Bhavin Dhaduk

“…The method exhibited excellent linearity in the range of 0.14–2.88 µg/mL with recovery between 96.82 % and 104.42 %. …”
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Intelligent Closed-Loop Fluxgate Current Sensor Using Digital Proportional–Integral–Derivative Control with Single-Neuron Pre-Optimization by Qiankun Song, Jigou Liu, Marcelo Lobo Heldwein, Stefan Klaß

“…The experimental results show that the developed digital closed-loop fluxgate sensor has a non-linearity within 0.1% at the full scale in the measuring ranges of 0–1 A and 0–10 A DC current, with an effective response time of approximately 120 ms. …”
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Study on Desorption Experiment and Desorption Model of Deep Shale Gas Containing Water by Zuping Xiang, Yangyang Ding, Xiang Ao, Zehua Cheng, Qianhua Xiao, Zhezhi Liu, Shijie Zhu, Zhonghua Chen

“…At last, when the pressure is lower than 20 MPa, the desorption increases almost linearly with the further decrease of pressure, but eventually there will be some adsorbed gas which cannot be desorbed to form residual adsorbed gas. …”
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Construction and electrical properties of 700 V aluminium polymer electrolytic capacitors by Tim Kruse, Luciana Tavares, Ulrich Schürmann, Lorenz Kienle, Thomas Ebel

“…Capacitance measurements showed that the thickness of the oxide film grew linearly with the forming voltage. The breakdown voltage exhibits a saturation behaviour with rising forming voltages, meaning that thicker oxide grown at voltages higher than 1000 V does not lead to proportional higher breakdown voltages. …”
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Optimal Midcourse Guidance with Terminal Relaxation and Range Convex Optimization by Jiong Li, Jinlin Zhang, Jikun Ye, Lei Shao, Xiangwei Bu

“…Through the integration of affine variable transformations and successive linearization techniques, the original nonconvex problem was systematically converted into a second-order cone programming (SOCP) formulation, with theoretical equivalence between the relaxed and original problems established under well-justified assumptions. …”
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Determining the Critical Nitrogen Application Rate for Maximizing Yield While Minimizing NO₃⁻-N Leaching and N₂O Emissions in Maize Growing on Purp... by Yuanyuan Liu, Yuanxue Chen, Dandan Peng, Huabin Lu, Ting Shuai, Ying Quan, Chunling Zeng, Kaiwei Xu

“…The results showed that grain yield initially increased linearly and then stabilized with increasing N rates, while NUE significantly decreased. …”
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