Evaluation of the Efficacy of the HIV Ab/Ag Combi Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (CLIA) Method in the Diagnosis and Follow-up of HIV Infections

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is important in detection of infected individuals and treatment planning. Serological methods, especially fourth-generation tests are used for screening and can detect both HIV-specific antibodies and p24 antigen. AIM: This study...

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Main Authors: Neşe İnal, Bengü Sayar, Alpaslan Alp, Özgen Köseoğlu Eser
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-12-01
Series:Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221371652400287X
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Summary:BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is important in detection of infected individuals and treatment planning. Serological methods, especially fourth-generation tests are used for screening and can detect both HIV-specific antibodies and p24 antigen. AIM: This study was investigated the efficacy of Maglumi-HIV Chemiluminescence Immunoassay test for detection of HIV Ab/Ag in patients’ plasma samples having low/high positive and negative HIV-RNA. METHODS: Plasma samples of 179 patients were collected between January 2023 and June 2024. HIV-RNA Rt-PCR (Abbott,USA) and Maglumi-HIV assay (Snibe Diagnostics, Shenzhen, China) were performed simultaneously in the same plasma samples of patient. RESULTS: By Rt-PCR 54 high positive (10²-10⁷ IU/mL) and 32 low positive (40-10² IU/mL) HIV-RNA results were obtained. HIV-RNA was not detected in 93 samples by Rt-PCR. All of low positive samples and 53 high positive samples were also detected as positive by CLIA. Only one sample with high HIV-RNA positivity was found to be negative by CLIA. HIV Ab/Ag was found to be positive in the 20 samples out of 93 HIV-RNA negative samples. In the clinical analysis of these 20 patients, it was found out that all of them were diagnosed with HIV and were in remission being on anti-retroviral therapy which significantly reduced viral load (Table 1). CONCLUSION: In screening of HIV infections, the HIV Ab/Ag CLIA and HIV-RNA Rt-PCR along with a thorough evaluation of the patient's clinical findings should be used together. The Maglumi-HIV Ab/Ag assay may be used as an alternative screening method for the detection of HIV infection.
ISSN:2213-7165