Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations
Mesoscale convective systems are effective sources of atmospheric disturbances that can reach ionospheric heights and significantly alter atmospheric and ionospheric conditions. Convective systems can affect the Earth’s atmosphere on a continental scale and up to F-layer heights. Extratropical cyclo...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Petra Koucká Knížová Kateřina Potužníková Kateřina Podolská Tereza Šindelářová Tamás Bozóki Martin Setvák Marcell Pásztor Csilla Szárnya Zbyšek Mošna Daniel Kouba Jaroslav Chum Petr Zacharov Attila Buzás Hana Hanzlíková Michal Kozubek Dalia Burešová István Bozsó Kitti A. Berényi Veronika Barta |
| author_facet | Petra Koucká Knížová Kateřina Potužníková Kateřina Podolská Tereza Šindelářová Tamás Bozóki Martin Setvák Marcell Pásztor Csilla Szárnya Zbyšek Mošna Daniel Kouba Jaroslav Chum Petr Zacharov Attila Buzás Hana Hanzlíková Michal Kozubek Dalia Burešová István Bozsó Kitti A. Berényi Veronika Barta |
| author_sort | Petra Koucká Knížová |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mesoscale convective systems are effective sources of atmospheric disturbances that can reach ionospheric heights and significantly alter atmospheric and ionospheric conditions. Convective systems can affect the Earth’s atmosphere on a continental scale and up to F-layer heights. Extratropical cyclone “Zyprian” occurred at the beginning of July, 2021 and dominated weather over the whole of Europe. An extensive cold front associated with “Zyprian” moved from the western part to the eastern part of Europe, followed by ground-level convergence and the formation of organized convective thunderstorm systems. Torrential rains in the Czech Republic have caused a great deal of damage and casualties. Storm-related signatures were developed in ground microbarograph measurements of infrasound and gravity waves. Within the stratosphere, a shift of the polar jet stream and increase in specific humidity related to the storm system were observed. At the ionospheric heights, irregular stratification and radio wave reflection plane undulation were observed. An increase in wave-like activity was detected based on ionograms and narrowband very-low-frequency (VLF) data. On directograms and SKYmaps (both products of digisonde measurements), strong and rapid changes in the horizontal plasma motion were recorded. However, no prevailing plasma motion direction was identified within the F-layer. Increased variability within the ionosphere is attributed mainly to the “Zyprian” cyclone as it developed during low geomagnetic activity and stable solar forcing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ffa97256a94d444a897c36e91c43d6bc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-ffa97256a94d444a897c36e91c43d6bc2024-11-26T18:20:28ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922024-11-011622433810.3390/rs16224338Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European StationsPetra Koucká Knížová0Kateřina Potužníková1Kateřina Podolská2Tereza Šindelářová3Tamás Bozóki4Martin Setvák5Marcell Pásztor6Csilla Szárnya7Zbyšek Mošna8Daniel Kouba9Jaroslav Chum10Petr Zacharov11Attila Buzás12Hana Hanzlíková13Michal Kozubek14Dalia Burešová15István Bozsó16Kitti A. Berényi17Veronika Barta18Department of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungarySatellite Department, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, 14306 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Geophysics and Space Science, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, HungaryHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungaryDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Meteorology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungaryDepartment of Climatology, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicDepartment of Ionosphere and Aeronomy, Institute of Atmospheric Physics CAS, 14100 Prague, Czech RepublicHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungaryHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungaryHUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, H-9400 Sopron, HungaryMesoscale convective systems are effective sources of atmospheric disturbances that can reach ionospheric heights and significantly alter atmospheric and ionospheric conditions. Convective systems can affect the Earth’s atmosphere on a continental scale and up to F-layer heights. Extratropical cyclone “Zyprian” occurred at the beginning of July, 2021 and dominated weather over the whole of Europe. An extensive cold front associated with “Zyprian” moved from the western part to the eastern part of Europe, followed by ground-level convergence and the formation of organized convective thunderstorm systems. Torrential rains in the Czech Republic have caused a great deal of damage and casualties. Storm-related signatures were developed in ground microbarograph measurements of infrasound and gravity waves. Within the stratosphere, a shift of the polar jet stream and increase in specific humidity related to the storm system were observed. At the ionospheric heights, irregular stratification and radio wave reflection plane undulation were observed. An increase in wave-like activity was detected based on ionograms and narrowband very-low-frequency (VLF) data. On directograms and SKYmaps (both products of digisonde measurements), strong and rapid changes in the horizontal plasma motion were recorded. However, no prevailing plasma motion direction was identified within the F-layer. Increased variability within the ionosphere is attributed mainly to the “Zyprian” cyclone as it developed during low geomagnetic activity and stable solar forcing.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4338vertical couplingionospheremesoscale systemstropospheregravity wavesinfrasound |
| spellingShingle | Petra Koucká Knížová Kateřina Potužníková Kateřina Podolská Tereza Šindelářová Tamás Bozóki Martin Setvák Marcell Pásztor Csilla Szárnya Zbyšek Mošna Daniel Kouba Jaroslav Chum Petr Zacharov Attila Buzás Hana Hanzlíková Michal Kozubek Dalia Burešová István Bozsó Kitti A. Berényi Veronika Barta Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations Remote Sensing vertical coupling ionosphere mesoscale systems troposphere gravity waves infrasound |
| title | Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations |
| title_full | Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations |
| title_fullStr | Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations |
| title_short | Impacts of Storm “Zyprian” on Middle and Upper Atmosphere Observed from Central European Stations |
| title_sort | impacts of storm zyprian on middle and upper atmosphere observed from central european stations |
| topic | vertical coupling ionosphere mesoscale systems troposphere gravity waves infrasound |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/22/4338 |
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