Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the japanese translation of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper and lower extremity sensorimotor function after stroke

Objective: To develop an official translation of the original Fugl-Meyer Assessment of upper and lower extremity sensorimotor function into Japanese by following a standardized cross-cultural adaptation process to ensure conceptual, linguistic, and semantic validity. Design: Cross-cultural translat...

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Main Authors: Yukitaka Tomoda, Toru Nagao, Tomoko Uchida, Hiroki Sato, Masatoshi Oonishi, Takayuki Okamoto, Maya Tajitsu, Margit Alt Murphy
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Medical Journals Sweden 2025-08-01
Series:Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine
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Online Access:https://medicaljournalssweden.se/jrm/article/view/43350
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Summary:Objective: To develop an official translation of the original Fugl-Meyer Assessment of upper and lower extremity sensorimotor function into Japanese by following a standardized cross-cultural adaptation process to ensure conceptual, linguistic, and semantic validity. Design: Cross-cultural translation/validation. Subjects/Patients: Seven Japanese clinical experts and an external expert developed the translation. The pilot study included 10 participants with stroke. Methods: Following the Translation and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Objectively Assessed Outcome Measures, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment was forward and backward translated and reviewed by an expert group and an external expert familiar with the original scale. The translation was tested in a pilot study with 10 patients with hemiparetic stroke to identify problematic items in intra- and inter-rater agreements. Results: Sufficient intra- and inter-rater agreements (> 70% agreement) were reached for all items, and only 2 sensation items showed systematic disagreement. These results were incorporated to refine the translation and ensure conceptual, semantic, and linguistic equivalence with the original Fugl–Meyer Assessment. Conclusion: The culturally validated upper and lower extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment supports the Japanese rehabilitation field and promotes international collaboration by improving the unified assessment of sensorimotor function in individuals with stroke.
ISSN:1651-2081