Oral enzyme combination therapy reduces systemic inflammation, urinary CTXII and pain in knee osteoarthritis: a proof-of-mechanism, randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Oral enzyme combination therapy reduces systemic inflammation, urinary CTXII and pain in knee osteoarthritis: a proof-of-mechanism, randomised, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Objectives Oral enzyme combination (OEC) therapy with bromelain, trypsin and rutoside reduces pain and improves function in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Here, we investigated several potential biological mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of OEC therapy in patients with establishe...

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Main Authors: Thomas Pap, Odd Erik Johansen, Yves Henrotin, Valérie Badot, Stefanie Rau, Maximilian von Eynatten, Jean-Emile Dubuc, Siddhartha Lieten, Didier Urbin-Choffray, Karl Brabants
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-08-01
Series:RMD Open
Online Access:https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e005433.full
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https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e005433.full

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