Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes
Abstract A longitudinal chain and a latitudinal chain of ionosondes, located at Yakutsk (129.60°E, 62.00°N), Mohe (122.37°E, 53.50°N), Beijing (116.25°E, 40.25°N), Wuhan (114.61°E, 30.53°N), Sanya (109.42°E, 18.34°N), I‐Cheon (127.54°E, 37.14°N), San Vito (17.80°E, 40.60°N), Roquest (0.50°E, 40.80°N...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Space Weather |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002942 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1841536453942706176 |
|---|---|
| author | Qiong Tang Jiaqi Zhao Zhibin Yu Yi Liu Lianhuan Hu Chen Zhou Zhengyu Zhao Xueshang Feng |
| author_facet | Qiong Tang Jiaqi Zhao Zhibin Yu Yi Liu Lianhuan Hu Chen Zhou Zhengyu Zhao Xueshang Feng |
| author_sort | Qiong Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract A longitudinal chain and a latitudinal chain of ionosondes, located at Yakutsk (129.60°E, 62.00°N), Mohe (122.37°E, 53.50°N), Beijing (116.25°E, 40.25°N), Wuhan (114.61°E, 30.53°N), Sanya (109.42°E, 18.34°N), I‐Cheon (127.54°E, 37.14°N), San Vito (17.80°E, 40.60°N), Roquest (0.50°E, 40.80°N), Millstone Hill (71.50°W, 42.60°N), and Alpena (83.56°W, 45.07°N) ionosondes, are utilized to statistically investigate the sporadic E layer (Es) occurrence rate and variation. The Es occurrence rates at all stations show a similar dependence on local time and season. However, the seasonal dependence of Es occurrence is more distinct at middle latitudes than that at low latitudes along the 120°E longitude. Results at different stations along ∼40°N latitude show much lower Es occurrence at the American sector than that at European and East Asian sectors, which is most likely because the horizontal geomagnetic field in north America is smaller than in other regions. The statistical results demonstrate that the seasonal variations of Es occurrence and strength are related to the annual variation of meteor counts. Simulation results show that the summer maximum of the ion vertical drift velocity driven by the variations of neutral densities and winds could also contribute to the seasonal variations of Es occurrence and intensity. The seasonal variations of the quasi‐6‐day and quasi‐16‐day oscillations in Es are also investigated. The seasonal variations of periodic disturbances of the Es differ between each station. Planetary waves in the MLT region cannot fully explain the seasonal variations of the periodic disturbance of Es. Solar and geomagnetic activities can also result in periodic variations of the Es. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fd0f5efd33094a3095f1bce63d5216a1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-fd0f5efd33094a3095f1bce63d5216a12025-01-14T16:27:22ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902021-12-011912n/an/a10.1029/2021SW002942Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of IonosondesQiong Tang0Jiaqi Zhao1Zhibin Yu2Yi Liu3Lianhuan Hu4Chen Zhou5Zhengyu Zhao6Xueshang Feng7Institute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen ChinaDepartment of Space Physics School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Wuhan ChinaBeijing National Observatory of Space Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing ChinaDepartment of Space Physics School of Electronic Information Wuhan University Wuhan ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen ChinaInstitute of Space Science and Applied Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen ChinaAbstract A longitudinal chain and a latitudinal chain of ionosondes, located at Yakutsk (129.60°E, 62.00°N), Mohe (122.37°E, 53.50°N), Beijing (116.25°E, 40.25°N), Wuhan (114.61°E, 30.53°N), Sanya (109.42°E, 18.34°N), I‐Cheon (127.54°E, 37.14°N), San Vito (17.80°E, 40.60°N), Roquest (0.50°E, 40.80°N), Millstone Hill (71.50°W, 42.60°N), and Alpena (83.56°W, 45.07°N) ionosondes, are utilized to statistically investigate the sporadic E layer (Es) occurrence rate and variation. The Es occurrence rates at all stations show a similar dependence on local time and season. However, the seasonal dependence of Es occurrence is more distinct at middle latitudes than that at low latitudes along the 120°E longitude. Results at different stations along ∼40°N latitude show much lower Es occurrence at the American sector than that at European and East Asian sectors, which is most likely because the horizontal geomagnetic field in north America is smaller than in other regions. The statistical results demonstrate that the seasonal variations of Es occurrence and strength are related to the annual variation of meteor counts. Simulation results show that the summer maximum of the ion vertical drift velocity driven by the variations of neutral densities and winds could also contribute to the seasonal variations of Es occurrence and intensity. The seasonal variations of the quasi‐6‐day and quasi‐16‐day oscillations in Es are also investigated. The seasonal variations of periodic disturbances of the Es differ between each station. Planetary waves in the MLT region cannot fully explain the seasonal variations of the periodic disturbance of Es. Solar and geomagnetic activities can also result in periodic variations of the Es.https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002942sporadic E layermeteor countsplanetary wave |
| spellingShingle | Qiong Tang Jiaqi Zhao Zhibin Yu Yi Liu Lianhuan Hu Chen Zhou Zhengyu Zhao Xueshang Feng Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes Space Weather sporadic E layer meteor counts planetary wave |
| title | Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes |
| title_full | Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes |
| title_short | Occurrence and Variations of Middle and Low Latitude Sporadic E Layer Investigated With Longitudinal and Latitudinal Chains of Ionosondes |
| title_sort | occurrence and variations of middle and low latitude sporadic e layer investigated with longitudinal and latitudinal chains of ionosondes |
| topic | sporadic E layer meteor counts planetary wave |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002942 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT qiongtang occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT jiaqizhao occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT zhibinyu occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT yiliu occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT lianhuanhu occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT chenzhou occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT zhengyuzhao occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes AT xueshangfeng occurrenceandvariationsofmiddleandlowlatitudesporadicelayerinvestigatedwithlongitudinalandlatitudinalchainsofionosondes |