Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis

Objective Scientific authorship is a vital marker of achievement in academic careers and gender equity is a key performance metric in research. However, there is little understanding of gender equity in publications in biomedical research centres funded by the National Institute for Health Research...

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Main Authors: Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah, Vasiliki Kiparoglou, Pavel V Ovseiko, Alastair M Buchan, Rinita Dam, Maria Julia Milano, Laurel D Edmunds, Lorna R Henderson, Catherine R Hartley, Owen Coxall
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2021-03-01
Series:BMJ Open
Online Access:https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e037935.full
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author Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah
Vasiliki Kiparoglou
Pavel V Ovseiko
Alastair M Buchan
Rinita Dam
Maria Julia Milano
Laurel D Edmunds
Lorna R Henderson
Catherine R Hartley
Owen Coxall
author_facet Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah
Vasiliki Kiparoglou
Pavel V Ovseiko
Alastair M Buchan
Rinita Dam
Maria Julia Milano
Laurel D Edmunds
Lorna R Henderson
Catherine R Hartley
Owen Coxall
author_sort Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah
collection DOAJ
description Objective Scientific authorship is a vital marker of achievement in academic careers and gender equity is a key performance metric in research. However, there is little understanding of gender equity in publications in biomedical research centres funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). This study assesses the gender parity in scientific authorship of biomedical research.Design Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective bibliometric study.Setting NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC).Data Data comprised 2409 publications that were either accepted or published between April 2012 and March 2017. The publications were classified as basic science studies, clinical studies (both trial and non-trial studies) and other studies (comments, editorials, systematic reviews, reviews, opinions, book chapters, meeting reports, guidelines and protocols).Main outcome measures Gender of authors, defined as a binary variable comprising either male or female categories, in six authorship categories: first author, joint first authors, first corresponding author, joint corresponding authors, last author and joint last authors.Results Publications comprised 39% clinical research (n=939), 27% basic research (n=643) and 34% other types of research (n=827). The proportion of female authors as first author (41%), first corresponding authors (34%) and last author (23%) was statistically significantly lower than male authors in these authorship categories (p<0.001). Of total joint first authors (n=458), joint corresponding authors (n=169) and joint last authors (n=229), female only authors comprised statistically significant (p<0.001) smaller proportions, that is, 15% (n=69), 29% (n=49) and 10% (n=23) respectively, compared with male only authors in these joint authorship categories. There was a statistically significant association between gender of the last author with gender of the first author (p<0.001), first corresponding author (p<0.001) and joint last author (p<0.001). The mean journal impact factor (JIF) was statistically significantly higher when the first corresponding author was male compared with female (Mean JIF: 10.00 vs 8.77, p=0.020); however, the JIF was not statistically different when there were male and female authors as first authors and last authors.Conclusions Although the proportion of female authors is significantly lower than the proportion of male authors in all six categories of authorship analysed, the proportions of male and female last authors are comparable to their respective proportions as principal investigators in the BRC. These findings suggest positive trends and the NIHR Oxford BRC doing very well in gender parity in the senior (last) authorship category. Male corresponding authors are more likely to publish articles in prestigious journals with high impact factor while both male and female authors at first and last authorship positions publish articles in equally prestigious journals.
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spelling doaj-art-fd0acf1166dc4241b49b8656f84e3b2c2024-11-21T03:15:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552021-03-0111310.1136/bmjopen-2020-037935Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysisSyed Ghulam Sarwar Shah0Vasiliki Kiparoglou1Pavel V Ovseiko2Alastair M Buchan3Rinita Dam4Maria Julia Milano5Laurel D Edmunds6Lorna R Henderson7Catherine R Hartley8Owen Coxall9Radcliffe Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKNIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, England, UKRadcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK1 Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UKRadcliffe Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKRadcliffe Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKRadcliffe Department of Medicine, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKNIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, England, UKBodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKBodleian Health Care Libraries, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, UKObjective Scientific authorship is a vital marker of achievement in academic careers and gender equity is a key performance metric in research. However, there is little understanding of gender equity in publications in biomedical research centres funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). This study assesses the gender parity in scientific authorship of biomedical research.Design Descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective bibliometric study.Setting NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC).Data Data comprised 2409 publications that were either accepted or published between April 2012 and March 2017. The publications were classified as basic science studies, clinical studies (both trial and non-trial studies) and other studies (comments, editorials, systematic reviews, reviews, opinions, book chapters, meeting reports, guidelines and protocols).Main outcome measures Gender of authors, defined as a binary variable comprising either male or female categories, in six authorship categories: first author, joint first authors, first corresponding author, joint corresponding authors, last author and joint last authors.Results Publications comprised 39% clinical research (n=939), 27% basic research (n=643) and 34% other types of research (n=827). The proportion of female authors as first author (41%), first corresponding authors (34%) and last author (23%) was statistically significantly lower than male authors in these authorship categories (p<0.001). Of total joint first authors (n=458), joint corresponding authors (n=169) and joint last authors (n=229), female only authors comprised statistically significant (p<0.001) smaller proportions, that is, 15% (n=69), 29% (n=49) and 10% (n=23) respectively, compared with male only authors in these joint authorship categories. There was a statistically significant association between gender of the last author with gender of the first author (p<0.001), first corresponding author (p<0.001) and joint last author (p<0.001). The mean journal impact factor (JIF) was statistically significantly higher when the first corresponding author was male compared with female (Mean JIF: 10.00 vs 8.77, p=0.020); however, the JIF was not statistically different when there were male and female authors as first authors and last authors.Conclusions Although the proportion of female authors is significantly lower than the proportion of male authors in all six categories of authorship analysed, the proportions of male and female last authors are comparable to their respective proportions as principal investigators in the BRC. These findings suggest positive trends and the NIHR Oxford BRC doing very well in gender parity in the senior (last) authorship category. Male corresponding authors are more likely to publish articles in prestigious journals with high impact factor while both male and female authors at first and last authorship positions publish articles in equally prestigious journals.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e037935.full
spellingShingle Syed Ghulam Sarwar Shah
Vasiliki Kiparoglou
Pavel V Ovseiko
Alastair M Buchan
Rinita Dam
Maria Julia Milano
Laurel D Edmunds
Lorna R Henderson
Catherine R Hartley
Owen Coxall
Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
BMJ Open
title Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
title_full Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
title_fullStr Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
title_full_unstemmed Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
title_short Gender parity in scientific authorship in a National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre: a bibliometric analysis
title_sort gender parity in scientific authorship in a national institute for health research biomedical research centre a bibliometric analysis
url https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/3/e037935.full
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