Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis
Orbital cellulitis and severe preseptal cellulitis are critical periocular infections with potential vision- and life-threatening implications. The COVID-19 pandemic is hypothesized to have had an influence on their presentation and pathogenesis; however, the real impact remains unclear. In this ret...
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2024-11-01
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| author | Yu-Ting Tsao Yueh-Ju Tsai Chau-Yin Chen Yen-Chang Chu Yun-Shan Tsai Yi-Lin Liao |
| author_facet | Yu-Ting Tsao Yueh-Ju Tsai Chau-Yin Chen Yen-Chang Chu Yun-Shan Tsai Yi-Lin Liao |
| author_sort | Yu-Ting Tsao |
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| description | Orbital cellulitis and severe preseptal cellulitis are critical periocular infections with potential vision- and life-threatening implications. The COVID-19 pandemic is hypothesized to have had an influence on their presentation and pathogenesis; however, the real impact remains unclear. In this retrospective multicenter cohort study from January 2017 to December 2022, we analyzed 1285 cases with preseptal or orbital cellulitis in pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and pandemic (2020–2022) cohorts. A notable decrease in hospitalized cases during the pandemic period was observed (97 patients in the pre-pandemic group vs. 54 in the pandemic group, <i>p</i> = 0.004), particularly among individuals aged 30–39 (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Sinusitis remained the leading cause, but odontogenic cases increased (<i>p</i> = 0.025). In addition, microbial diversity decreased during the pandemic, with the effective number of species decreasing from 17.07 to 8.87, accompanied by a rise in antibiotic resistance, notably against erythromycin, oxacillin, penicillin, and metronidazole. While visual outcomes appeared worse in the pandemic group, statistical significance was not reached. These findings suggest that the characteristics, etiology, microbial profiles, resistance patterns, and visual outcomes of orbital and preseptal cellulitis have undergone alterations post-COVID-19 pandemic. Vigilance in clinical management and public health measures is crucial, with further research needed to optimize treatment strategies. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-fcdb92bc8a1b428b8db5c7a2fcf42f742024-11-26T18:14:43ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-11-011211226210.3390/microorganisms12112262Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal CellulitisYu-Ting Tsao0Yueh-Ju Tsai1Chau-Yin Chen2Yen-Chang Chu3Yun-Shan Tsai4Yi-Lin Liao5Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, TaiwanDepartment of Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, TaiwanSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333323, TaiwanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333423, TaiwanOrbital cellulitis and severe preseptal cellulitis are critical periocular infections with potential vision- and life-threatening implications. The COVID-19 pandemic is hypothesized to have had an influence on their presentation and pathogenesis; however, the real impact remains unclear. In this retrospective multicenter cohort study from January 2017 to December 2022, we analyzed 1285 cases with preseptal or orbital cellulitis in pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and pandemic (2020–2022) cohorts. A notable decrease in hospitalized cases during the pandemic period was observed (97 patients in the pre-pandemic group vs. 54 in the pandemic group, <i>p</i> = 0.004), particularly among individuals aged 30–39 (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Sinusitis remained the leading cause, but odontogenic cases increased (<i>p</i> = 0.025). In addition, microbial diversity decreased during the pandemic, with the effective number of species decreasing from 17.07 to 8.87, accompanied by a rise in antibiotic resistance, notably against erythromycin, oxacillin, penicillin, and metronidazole. While visual outcomes appeared worse in the pandemic group, statistical significance was not reached. These findings suggest that the characteristics, etiology, microbial profiles, resistance patterns, and visual outcomes of orbital and preseptal cellulitis have undergone alterations post-COVID-19 pandemic. Vigilance in clinical management and public health measures is crucial, with further research needed to optimize treatment strategies.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2262pandemicCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2orbital cellulitispreseptal cellulitismicrobiology |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Ting Tsao Yueh-Ju Tsai Chau-Yin Chen Yen-Chang Chu Yun-Shan Tsai Yi-Lin Liao Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis Microorganisms pandemic COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 orbital cellulitis preseptal cellulitis microbiology |
| title | Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis |
| title_full | Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis |
| title_fullStr | Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis |
| title_short | Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Microbial Profiles and Clinical Outcomes in Orbital and Preseptal Cellulitis |
| title_sort | impact of the covid 19 pandemic on microbial profiles and clinical outcomes in orbital and preseptal cellulitis |
| topic | pandemic COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 orbital cellulitis preseptal cellulitis microbiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/11/2262 |
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