Geoenvironmental use of CaCo3 sludge in subgrade soil for a greener sugar industry

Abstract The sugar refinery industry in Thailand produced million tons of sugar annually, generating an even larger amount of calcium carbonate sludge as a byproduct. This study examined the compaction enhancement and efficiency of subgrade material made of CaCO3 sludge (10 to 30%), ordinary Portlan...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Narongchai Wiwattanachang, Chanarop Vichalai, Ananda Keanbuddee, Pham Huy Giao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07057-8
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