Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia?
The 0.6% contribution of the forestry sector to GDP is considered very low despite 64.1% of Indonesia's land area being allocated as forests. Most of the 64.8% production forest allocated is not yet optimized for strengthening national food security, in which Indonesia is ranked 65th in the wo...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Hasanuddin University
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Forest and Society |
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| Online Access: | https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/view/32529 |
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| author | Suryanto Suryanto Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Suria Darma Tarigan Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar Ishak Yassir Mangarah Silalahi Irdika Mansur Rhett D. Harisson Agus Wahyudi Lutfy Abdulah |
| author_facet | Suryanto Suryanto Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Suria Darma Tarigan Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar Ishak Yassir Mangarah Silalahi Irdika Mansur Rhett D. Harisson Agus Wahyudi Lutfy Abdulah |
| author_sort | Suryanto Suryanto |
| collection | DOAJ |
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The 0.6% contribution of the forestry sector to GDP is considered very low despite 64.1% of Indonesia's land area being allocated as forests. Most of the 64.8% production forest allocated is not yet optimized for strengthening national food security, in which Indonesia is ranked 65th in the world. Therefore, an innovative forest management system is needed to synergize timber and non-timber production. This paper presents a multi-business forestry (Mb-F) implementation strategy analyzed through a dynamic system-based multi-criterion decision-making tool named Super Model Mb-F (SM Mb-F). SM Mb-F is built based on a causal loop diagram (CLD), which describes the dynamic relationship between land typology suitability and decisions related to the type of business, commodities, land use area, workload, and financing for many variables relating to 5M business principles and sustainability. Results showed that CLD formulated in 280 sub-models in a total of 4,764 decision variables with an error deviation of 6.4%. The SM Mb-F simulation on two sample concession units produces a projected increase in wood supply, employment, and state revenue, plus the provision of new functions such as food, NTFP, and environmental services. These benefits are obtained by business feasibility. Assuming that gradually until 2030, the Mb-F can be implemented in 32% of Indonesia's production forests, then by 2045, it is projected that there will be an increase in wood production by 296.8%, state revenue by 654.3%, and labor absorption by 985.7%, as well as adding food production up to 19.36 M tons. This is because the land use efficiency of the current operation of forest concessions following the Annual Allowable Cut (AAC) under the selective cutting and replanting system in Indonesia (TPTI) is only about 3% of the total area of forest concession. Assuming the cutting cycle is 35 years, timber could be extracted in 1/35 of the total forest concession area. Implementing Mb-F will significantly improve the land use efficiency from about 3% to 90%. The Mb-F will also restrain the rate of decline in carbon stocks, which is deeper if governance is still under the BAU scenario. This research suggests further global research, emphasizing the importance of innovative models for sustainable forestry governance and food security worldwide.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fcaf97c1e4e24dc39b83b9db4fcdd32d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2549-4724 2549-4333 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Hasanuddin University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forest and Society |
| spelling | doaj-art-fcaf97c1e4e24dc39b83b9db4fcdd32d2025-01-01T09:24:10ZengHasanuddin UniversityForest and Society2549-47242549-43332024-12-018210.24259/fs.v8i2.32529Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia?Suryanto Suryanto0Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4876-8612Suria Darma Tarigan2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0153-0399Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5419-482XIshak Yassir4Mangarah Silalahi5Irdika Mansur6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1516-867XRhett D. Harisson7https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9055-3546Agus Wahyudi8Lutfy Abdulah9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0916-5974Natural Resource and Environmental Management Study Program, Graduate School, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Resource Management, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaAgency for Standardization of Environment and Forestry Instrument, Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaDepartment of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaDepartment of Silviculture, Faculty of Forestry & Environment, IPB University Bogor, Bogor, IndonesiaICRAF Lusaka, ZambiaAgency for Standardization of Environment and Forestry Instrument, Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, IndonesiaResearch Center for Ecology and Ethnobiology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia The 0.6% contribution of the forestry sector to GDP is considered very low despite 64.1% of Indonesia's land area being allocated as forests. Most of the 64.8% production forest allocated is not yet optimized for strengthening national food security, in which Indonesia is ranked 65th in the world. Therefore, an innovative forest management system is needed to synergize timber and non-timber production. This paper presents a multi-business forestry (Mb-F) implementation strategy analyzed through a dynamic system-based multi-criterion decision-making tool named Super Model Mb-F (SM Mb-F). SM Mb-F is built based on a causal loop diagram (CLD), which describes the dynamic relationship between land typology suitability and decisions related to the type of business, commodities, land use area, workload, and financing for many variables relating to 5M business principles and sustainability. Results showed that CLD formulated in 280 sub-models in a total of 4,764 decision variables with an error deviation of 6.4%. The SM Mb-F simulation on two sample concession units produces a projected increase in wood supply, employment, and state revenue, plus the provision of new functions such as food, NTFP, and environmental services. These benefits are obtained by business feasibility. Assuming that gradually until 2030, the Mb-F can be implemented in 32% of Indonesia's production forests, then by 2045, it is projected that there will be an increase in wood production by 296.8%, state revenue by 654.3%, and labor absorption by 985.7%, as well as adding food production up to 19.36 M tons. This is because the land use efficiency of the current operation of forest concessions following the Annual Allowable Cut (AAC) under the selective cutting and replanting system in Indonesia (TPTI) is only about 3% of the total area of forest concession. Assuming the cutting cycle is 35 years, timber could be extracted in 1/35 of the total forest concession area. Implementing Mb-F will significantly improve the land use efficiency from about 3% to 90%. The Mb-F will also restrain the rate of decline in carbon stocks, which is deeper if governance is still under the BAU scenario. This research suggests further global research, emphasizing the importance of innovative models for sustainable forestry governance and food security worldwide. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/view/32529Multi business forestryForestry governanceSystem dynamicMulti-criterion decision-makingLand optimization |
| spellingShingle | Suryanto Suryanto Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat Suria Darma Tarigan Iskandar Zulkarnaen Siregar Ishak Yassir Mangarah Silalahi Irdika Mansur Rhett D. Harisson Agus Wahyudi Lutfy Abdulah Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? Forest and Society Multi business forestry Forestry governance System dynamic Multi-criterion decision-making Land optimization |
| title | Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? |
| title_full | Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? |
| title_fullStr | Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? |
| title_short | Why is Multi-Business Forestry Needed to Overcome the Low Performance of Forestry Governance and Food Security in Indonesia? |
| title_sort | why is multi business forestry needed to overcome the low performance of forestry governance and food security in indonesia |
| topic | Multi business forestry Forestry governance System dynamic Multi-criterion decision-making Land optimization |
| url | https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/fs/article/view/32529 |
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