Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study
Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use, particularly gutka and khaini, is a significant public health concern in India, mainly in rural areas. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between SLT use and oral cancer incidence among rural Indian men. Methods: A cohort of 30...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_945_24 |
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| author | Anuj Singh Parihar Ayan Chakraborty Aditya Pidaparthi Gunmeek Kaur Sumit Bhatt Aishwarya Handa |
| author_facet | Anuj Singh Parihar Ayan Chakraborty Aditya Pidaparthi Gunmeek Kaur Sumit Bhatt Aishwarya Handa |
| author_sort | Anuj Singh Parihar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background:
Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use, particularly gutka and khaini, is a significant public health concern in India, mainly in rural areas. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between SLT use and oral cancer incidence among rural Indian men.
Methods:
A cohort of 300 rural Indian men without a history of oral cancer was recruited and followed for five years. Baseline data on SLT use (type, frequency, and duration) and other risk factors were collected. Annual oral examinations and medical record reviews were conducted to identify incident cases of oral cancer. Incidence rates, relative risks, and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to assess the association between SLT use and oral cancer.
Results:
Among the 300 participants, 185 (61.7%) were SLT users at baseline. During follow-up, 25 incident cases of oral cancer were diagnosed. The incidence rate of oral cancer was significantly higher among SLT users (24.3 per 1,000 person-years) compared to non-users (5.4 per 1,000 person-years). After adjusting for confounders, the HR for oral cancer associated with SLT use was 4.51 (95% CI: 2.03–9.98), indicating a significantly increased risk. A dose–response relationship was observed, with higher frequency and longer duration of SLT use associated with increased risk.
Conclusions:
This study provides strong evidence for a significant association between SLT use and increased risk of oral cancer among rural Indian men. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce SLT use and promote oral cancer awareness in this high-risk population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fc5c344b8ba4419d86c3d6c2692d07d5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0976-4879 0975-7406 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-fc5c344b8ba4419d86c3d6c2692d07d52025-01-13T10:25:15ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences0976-48790975-74062024-12-0116Suppl 4S3768S377110.4103/jpbs.jpbs_945_24Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort StudyAnuj Singh PariharAyan ChakrabortyAditya PidaparthiGunmeek KaurSumit BhattAishwarya HandaBackground: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) use, particularly gutka and khaini, is a significant public health concern in India, mainly in rural areas. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between SLT use and oral cancer incidence among rural Indian men. Methods: A cohort of 300 rural Indian men without a history of oral cancer was recruited and followed for five years. Baseline data on SLT use (type, frequency, and duration) and other risk factors were collected. Annual oral examinations and medical record reviews were conducted to identify incident cases of oral cancer. Incidence rates, relative risks, and hazard ratios (HR) were calculated to assess the association between SLT use and oral cancer. Results: Among the 300 participants, 185 (61.7%) were SLT users at baseline. During follow-up, 25 incident cases of oral cancer were diagnosed. The incidence rate of oral cancer was significantly higher among SLT users (24.3 per 1,000 person-years) compared to non-users (5.4 per 1,000 person-years). After adjusting for confounders, the HR for oral cancer associated with SLT use was 4.51 (95% CI: 2.03–9.98), indicating a significantly increased risk. A dose–response relationship was observed, with higher frequency and longer duration of SLT use associated with increased risk. Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence for a significant association between SLT use and increased risk of oral cancer among rural Indian men. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to reduce SLT use and promote oral cancer awareness in this high-risk population.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_945_24gutkaincidence ratekhainioral cancerrelative riskrural indiasmokeless tobacco |
| spellingShingle | Anuj Singh Parihar Ayan Chakraborty Aditya Pidaparthi Gunmeek Kaur Sumit Bhatt Aishwarya Handa Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences gutka incidence rate khaini oral cancer relative risk rural india smokeless tobacco |
| title | Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Association between Oral Cancer and Smokeless Tobacco Use in Rural Indian Men: A Prospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | association between oral cancer and smokeless tobacco use in rural indian men a prospective cohort study |
| topic | gutka incidence rate khaini oral cancer relative risk rural india smokeless tobacco |
| url | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_945_24 |
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