Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence
Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis, affecting 1–4% of adolescents. The Scoliosis Research Society-22R (SRS-22R), a health-related quality-of-life instrument for AIS, has allowed orthopedists to measure subjective patient outcomes before and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Communications Medicine |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00726-1 |
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| author | Wenqi Shi Felipe O. Giuste Yuanda Zhu Ben J. Tamo Micky C. Nnamdi Andrew Hornback Ashley M. Carpenter Coleman Hilton Henry J. Iwinski J. Michael Wattenbarger May D. Wang |
| author_facet | Wenqi Shi Felipe O. Giuste Yuanda Zhu Ben J. Tamo Micky C. Nnamdi Andrew Hornback Ashley M. Carpenter Coleman Hilton Henry J. Iwinski J. Michael Wattenbarger May D. Wang |
| author_sort | Wenqi Shi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis, affecting 1–4% of adolescents. The Scoliosis Research Society-22R (SRS-22R), a health-related quality-of-life instrument for AIS, has allowed orthopedists to measure subjective patient outcomes before and after corrective surgery beyond objective radiographic measurements. However, research has revealed that there is no significant correlation between the correction rate in major radiographic parameters and improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), making it difficult to incorporate PROs into personalized surgical planning. Methods The objective of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled surgical planning and counseling support system for post-operative patient rehabilitation outcomes prediction in order to facilitate personalized AIS patient care. A unique multi-site cohort of 455 pediatric patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery at two Shriners Children’s hospitals from 2010 is investigated in our analysis. In total, 171 pre-operative clinical features are used to train six machine-learning models for post-operative outcomes prediction. We further employ explainability analysis to quantify the contribution of pre-operative radiographic and questionnaire parameters in predicting patient surgical outcomes. Moreover, we enable responsible AI by calibrating model confidence for human intervention and mitigating health disparities for algorithm fairness. Results The best prediction model achieves an area under receiver operating curve (AUROC) performance of 0.86, 0.85, and 0.83 for individual SRS-22R question response prediction over three-time horizons from pre-operation to 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year post-operation, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed prediction method to predict other patient rehabilitation outcomes based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and correction rates across all three-time horizons. Conclusions Based on the relationship analysis, we suggest additional attention to sagittal parameters (e.g., lordosis, sagittal vertical axis) and patient self-image beyond major Cobb angles to improve surgical decision-making for AIS patients. In the age of personalized medicine, the proposed responsible AI-enabled clinical decision-support system may facilitate pre-operative counseling and shared decision-making within real-world clinical settings. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fc375ea166aa4d34b15c443c76a6792a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2730-664X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-fc375ea166aa4d34b15c443c76a6792a2025-01-05T12:44:13ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Medicine2730-664X2025-01-015112110.1038/s43856-024-00726-1Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligenceWenqi Shi0Felipe O. Giuste1Yuanda Zhu2Ben J. Tamo3Micky C. Nnamdi4Andrew Hornback5Ashley M. Carpenter6Coleman Hilton7Henry J. Iwinski8J. Michael Wattenbarger9May D. Wang10School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyThe Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversitySchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologySchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologySchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyThe Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory UniversityShriners Children’sShriners Children’sShriners Children’sShriners Children’sSchool of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of TechnologyAbstract Background Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis, affecting 1–4% of adolescents. The Scoliosis Research Society-22R (SRS-22R), a health-related quality-of-life instrument for AIS, has allowed orthopedists to measure subjective patient outcomes before and after corrective surgery beyond objective radiographic measurements. However, research has revealed that there is no significant correlation between the correction rate in major radiographic parameters and improvements in patient-reported outcomes (PROs), making it difficult to incorporate PROs into personalized surgical planning. Methods The objective of this study is to develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled surgical planning and counseling support system for post-operative patient rehabilitation outcomes prediction in order to facilitate personalized AIS patient care. A unique multi-site cohort of 455 pediatric patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery at two Shriners Children’s hospitals from 2010 is investigated in our analysis. In total, 171 pre-operative clinical features are used to train six machine-learning models for post-operative outcomes prediction. We further employ explainability analysis to quantify the contribution of pre-operative radiographic and questionnaire parameters in predicting patient surgical outcomes. Moreover, we enable responsible AI by calibrating model confidence for human intervention and mitigating health disparities for algorithm fairness. Results The best prediction model achieves an area under receiver operating curve (AUROC) performance of 0.86, 0.85, and 0.83 for individual SRS-22R question response prediction over three-time horizons from pre-operation to 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year post-operation, respectively. Additionally, we demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed prediction method to predict other patient rehabilitation outcomes based on minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and correction rates across all three-time horizons. Conclusions Based on the relationship analysis, we suggest additional attention to sagittal parameters (e.g., lordosis, sagittal vertical axis) and patient self-image beyond major Cobb angles to improve surgical decision-making for AIS patients. In the age of personalized medicine, the proposed responsible AI-enabled clinical decision-support system may facilitate pre-operative counseling and shared decision-making within real-world clinical settings.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00726-1 |
| spellingShingle | Wenqi Shi Felipe O. Giuste Yuanda Zhu Ben J. Tamo Micky C. Nnamdi Andrew Hornback Ashley M. Carpenter Coleman Hilton Henry J. Iwinski J. Michael Wattenbarger May D. Wang Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence Communications Medicine |
| title | Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| title_full | Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| title_fullStr | Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| title_short | Predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| title_sort | predicting pediatric patient rehabilitation outcomes after spinal deformity surgery with artificial intelligence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00726-1 |
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