Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART
Abstract Background Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigat...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Immunity & Ageing |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-024-00497-2 |
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| author | Na Li Hong-Yi Zheng Wei Li Xiao-Yan He Mi Zhang Xia Li Ren-Rong Tian Xing-Qi Dong Zhi-Qiang Shen Yong-Tang Zheng |
| author_facet | Na Li Hong-Yi Zheng Wei Li Xiao-Yan He Mi Zhang Xia Li Ren-Rong Tian Xing-Qi Dong Zhi-Qiang Shen Yong-Tang Zheng |
| author_sort | Na Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aging and HAART on T cell subsets and function in PLWH across different age groups, thereby providing novel insights into the prognosis of older PLWH. Method This study was conducted at Yunnan AIDS Care Center, China, to explore the immunological responses of old PLWH to HAART and compared with the middle-age and the younger. Blood samples were collected from 146 PLWH to analyze T cell subsets and their functions, with a particular emphasis on markers related to T cell differentiation, activation, exhaustion, inflammation, and cellular function, using multicolor flow cytometry analysis. Results Older age may have a greater effect on long-term CD4+T cell recovery. Compared with young and middle-aged PLWH, older PLWH presented distinct alterations in their immune profile, including a decline in the Naïve CD4+T and CD8+T cell subsets, an expansion of effector memory cells, and other potential immune risk phenotypes, such as activation, exhaustion, and up-regulation of aging markers. In addition, we observed a significant association between the CD4 + EM3 subset and the CD8 + EM2 subset with HIV-1 progression, independent of age, suggesting their potential as reliable markers for assessing immune reconstitution in all PLWH. Conclusion Our study extends previous findings showing that older participants exhibit a wide range of late differentiation, senescence, or exhaustion phenotypes in cells, including all the CD4+T and CD8+T subsets, consistent with an immunosenescent phenotype. This may accelerate poor immune recovery in older PLWH. Identifying new strategies to improve the immune risk phenotypes of older PLWH may help improve their immune reconstitution outcomes. The CD4 + EM3 subset and the CD8 + EM2 subset should be studied as additional markers of late presentation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-fbf416b1d2544cdebb75fa416fdf9c51 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1742-4933 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immunity & Ageing |
| spelling | doaj-art-fbf416b1d2544cdebb75fa416fdf9c512025-01-12T12:39:46ZengBMCImmunity & Ageing1742-49332025-01-0122111910.1186/s12979-024-00497-2Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAARTNa Li0Hong-Yi Zheng1Wei Li2Xiao-Yan He3Mi Zhang4Xia Li5Ren-Rong Tian6Xing-Qi Dong7Zhi-Qiang Shen8Yong-Tang Zheng9School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesYunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious DiseaseYunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious DiseaseState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesYunnan Provincial Hospital of Infectious DiseaseSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Peptides of Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesAbstract Background Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aging and HAART on T cell subsets and function in PLWH across different age groups, thereby providing novel insights into the prognosis of older PLWH. Method This study was conducted at Yunnan AIDS Care Center, China, to explore the immunological responses of old PLWH to HAART and compared with the middle-age and the younger. Blood samples were collected from 146 PLWH to analyze T cell subsets and their functions, with a particular emphasis on markers related to T cell differentiation, activation, exhaustion, inflammation, and cellular function, using multicolor flow cytometry analysis. Results Older age may have a greater effect on long-term CD4+T cell recovery. Compared with young and middle-aged PLWH, older PLWH presented distinct alterations in their immune profile, including a decline in the Naïve CD4+T and CD8+T cell subsets, an expansion of effector memory cells, and other potential immune risk phenotypes, such as activation, exhaustion, and up-regulation of aging markers. In addition, we observed a significant association between the CD4 + EM3 subset and the CD8 + EM2 subset with HIV-1 progression, independent of age, suggesting their potential as reliable markers for assessing immune reconstitution in all PLWH. Conclusion Our study extends previous findings showing that older participants exhibit a wide range of late differentiation, senescence, or exhaustion phenotypes in cells, including all the CD4+T and CD8+T subsets, consistent with an immunosenescent phenotype. This may accelerate poor immune recovery in older PLWH. Identifying new strategies to improve the immune risk phenotypes of older PLWH may help improve their immune reconstitution outcomes. The CD4 + EM3 subset and the CD8 + EM2 subset should be studied as additional markers of late presentation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-024-00497-2HIV-1AgingT cell subsetsImmunosenescenceImmunophenotypingFlow cytometry |
| spellingShingle | Na Li Hong-Yi Zheng Wei Li Xiao-Yan He Mi Zhang Xia Li Ren-Rong Tian Xing-Qi Dong Zhi-Qiang Shen Yong-Tang Zheng Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART Immunity & Ageing HIV-1 Aging T cell subsets Immunosenescence Immunophenotyping Flow cytometry |
| title | Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART |
| title_full | Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART |
| title_fullStr | Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART |
| title_full_unstemmed | Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART |
| title_short | Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART |
| title_sort | limited restoration of t cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with hiv 1 receiving haart |
| topic | HIV-1 Aging T cell subsets Immunosenescence Immunophenotyping Flow cytometry |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-024-00497-2 |
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