Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common kidney diseases, but its exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that recognize pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, which can result in an inflammatory response. TLR4, TLR2, TLR5...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Galenos Publishing House
2024-08-01
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| Series: | Turkish Journal of Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-26213 |
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| author | Mohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand Yasaman Tavakoli Ava Aghakhani Monireh Askarzadeh Hosein Azimi Nogol Ghalamkarpour Alaleh Alizadeh Iman Archin Sajad Kermani Akram Ansari Mohadeseh Poudineh Zahra Mali Elaheh Foroughi Gisou Erabi Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi Niloofar Deravi Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah |
| author_facet | Mohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand Yasaman Tavakoli Ava Aghakhani Monireh Askarzadeh Hosein Azimi Nogol Ghalamkarpour Alaleh Alizadeh Iman Archin Sajad Kermani Akram Ansari Mohadeseh Poudineh Zahra Mali Elaheh Foroughi Gisou Erabi Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi Niloofar Deravi Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah |
| author_sort | Mohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common kidney diseases, but its exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that recognize pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, which can result in an inflammatory response. TLR4, TLR2, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, and TLR11 are essential in the pathogenesis of DN, according to recent evidence collected from both in vivo and in vitro studies. Studies have shown that TLR2 and TLR4 expression is higher in patients with renal failure and nephrotic diabetes. They also play critical roles in podocyte injury and inflammation caused by high glucose. TLR2 and TLR4 may be helpful therapeutic targets to prevent or delay DN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, TLR7 may contribute to kidney damage in type 1 diabetes mellitus, whereas downregulation of TLR9 expression inhibits inflammation and apoptosis pathways associated with DN. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f92748e2676b4b8a89c12935f562e11f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1301-109X 2147-8325 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-08-01 |
| publisher | Galenos Publishing House |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Turkish Journal of Immunology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f92748e2676b4b8a89c12935f562e11f2025-01-17T08:19:14ZengGalenos Publishing HouseTurkish Journal of Immunology1301-109X2147-83252024-08-01122355510.4274/tji.galenos.2024.26213TJI-26213Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent AdvancesMohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand0Yasaman Tavakoli1Ava Aghakhani2Monireh Askarzadeh3Hosein Azimi4Nogol Ghalamkarpour5Alaleh Alizadeh6Iman Archin7Sajad Kermani8Akram Ansari9Mohadeseh Poudineh10Zahra Mali11Elaheh Foroughi12Gisou Erabi13Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari14Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi15Niloofar Deravi16Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah17Golestan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Gorgan, IranMazandaran University of Medical Science, Department of Medicine, Mazandaran, IranTehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, IranMazandaran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Sari, IranIran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Tehran, IranLorestan University of Medical Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Student Research Committee, Khorramabad, IranIslamic Azad University Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, IranKazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, RussiaIslamic Azad University Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, IranShantou University Medical College, Student Research Committee Shantou, Guangdong, ChinaZanjan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan, IranUrmia University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, IranIsfahan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Isfahan, IranUrmia University of Medical Sciences, Student Research Committee, Urmia, IranAzerbaijan Medical University, Student Research Committee, Baku, AzerbaijanTehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran, IranShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Arabi Ave, IranIsfahan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Isfahan, IranDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common kidney diseases, but its exact pathophysiology remains unknown. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that recognize pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns, which can result in an inflammatory response. TLR4, TLR2, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, and TLR11 are essential in the pathogenesis of DN, according to recent evidence collected from both in vivo and in vitro studies. Studies have shown that TLR2 and TLR4 expression is higher in patients with renal failure and nephrotic diabetes. They also play critical roles in podocyte injury and inflammation caused by high glucose. TLR2 and TLR4 may be helpful therapeutic targets to prevent or delay DN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Additionally, TLR7 may contribute to kidney damage in type 1 diabetes mellitus, whereas downregulation of TLR9 expression inhibits inflammation and apoptosis pathways associated with DN.https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-26213toll-like receptornephropathydiabetic kidney diseasechronic kidney diseasetlrs |
| spellingShingle | Mohammad Sadra Gholami Chahkand Yasaman Tavakoli Ava Aghakhani Monireh Askarzadeh Hosein Azimi Nogol Ghalamkarpour Alaleh Alizadeh Iman Archin Sajad Kermani Akram Ansari Mohadeseh Poudineh Zahra Mali Elaheh Foroughi Gisou Erabi Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi Niloofar Deravi Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances Turkish Journal of Immunology toll-like receptor nephropathy diabetic kidney disease chronic kidney disease tlrs |
| title | Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances |
| title_full | Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances |
| title_fullStr | Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances |
| title_short | Toll-Like Receptors and Diabetic Nephropathy: A Review of Recent Advances |
| title_sort | toll like receptors and diabetic nephropathy a review of recent advances |
| topic | toll-like receptor nephropathy diabetic kidney disease chronic kidney disease tlrs |
| url | https://jag.journalagent.com/z4/download_fulltext.asp?pdir=tji&un=TJI-26213 |
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