Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System
This study introduces an advanced Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model tailored for comprehensive electrical and thermal energy management in small-scale smart grids, addressing emergency load shedding and overload situations. The model integrates combined heat and power sources, capable of simult...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Smart Cities |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/7/6/145 |
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| author | Hossein Jokar Taher Niknam Moslem Dehghani Pierluigi Siano Khmaies Ouahada Mokhtar Aly |
| author_facet | Hossein Jokar Taher Niknam Moslem Dehghani Pierluigi Siano Khmaies Ouahada Mokhtar Aly |
| author_sort | Hossein Jokar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study introduces an advanced Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model tailored for comprehensive electrical and thermal energy management in small-scale smart grids, addressing emergency load shedding and overload situations. The model integrates combined heat and power sources, capable of simultaneous electricity and heat generation, alongside a mobile photovoltaic battery storage system, a wind resource, a thermal storage tank, and demand response programs (DRPs) for both electrical and thermal demands. Power-to-hydrogen systems are also incorporated to efficiently convert electrical energy into heat, enhancing network synergies. Utilizing the robust Gurobi solver, the model aims to minimize operating, fuel, and maintenance costs while mitigating environmental impact. Simulation results under various scenarios demonstrate the model’s superior performance. Compared to conventional evolutionary methods like particle swarm optimization, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III, and biogeography-based optimization, the proposed model exhibits remarkable improvements, outperforming them by 11.4%, 5.6%, and 11.6%, respectively. This study emphasizes the advantages of employing DRP and heat tank equations to balance electrical and thermal energy relationships, reduce heat losses, and enable the integration of larger photovoltaic systems to meet thermal constraints, thus broadening the problem’s feasible solution space. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f8c43a91f20344458c7d675a5c36e0f5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2624-6511 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Smart Cities |
| spelling | doaj-art-f8c43a91f20344458c7d675a5c36e0f52024-12-27T14:53:49ZengMDPI AGSmart Cities2624-65112024-12-01763764379710.3390/smartcities7060145Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen SystemHossein Jokar0Taher Niknam1Moslem Dehghani2Pierluigi Siano3Khmaies Ouahada4Mokhtar Aly5Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 7155713876, IranDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 7155713876, IranFacultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, ChileDepartment of Management and Innovation Systems, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, ItalyDepartment of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South AfricaFacultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Bellavista 7, Santiago 8420524, ChileThis study introduces an advanced Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model tailored for comprehensive electrical and thermal energy management in small-scale smart grids, addressing emergency load shedding and overload situations. The model integrates combined heat and power sources, capable of simultaneous electricity and heat generation, alongside a mobile photovoltaic battery storage system, a wind resource, a thermal storage tank, and demand response programs (DRPs) for both electrical and thermal demands. Power-to-hydrogen systems are also incorporated to efficiently convert electrical energy into heat, enhancing network synergies. Utilizing the robust Gurobi solver, the model aims to minimize operating, fuel, and maintenance costs while mitigating environmental impact. Simulation results under various scenarios demonstrate the model’s superior performance. Compared to conventional evolutionary methods like particle swarm optimization, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm III, and biogeography-based optimization, the proposed model exhibits remarkable improvements, outperforming them by 11.4%, 5.6%, and 11.6%, respectively. This study emphasizes the advantages of employing DRP and heat tank equations to balance electrical and thermal energy relationships, reduce heat losses, and enable the integration of larger photovoltaic systems to meet thermal constraints, thus broadening the problem’s feasible solution space.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/7/6/145energy managementrenewable energy resourcesbatterycombined heat and powerdemand response |
| spellingShingle | Hossein Jokar Taher Niknam Moslem Dehghani Pierluigi Siano Khmaies Ouahada Mokhtar Aly Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System Smart Cities energy management renewable energy resources battery combined heat and power demand response |
| title | Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System |
| title_full | Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System |
| title_fullStr | Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System |
| title_short | Integrated Energy Management in Small-Scale Smart Grids Considering the Emergency Load Conditions: A Combined Battery Energy Storage, Solar PV, and Power-to-Hydrogen System |
| title_sort | integrated energy management in small scale smart grids considering the emergency load conditions a combined battery energy storage solar pv and power to hydrogen system |
| topic | energy management renewable energy resources battery combined heat and power demand response |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-6511/7/6/145 |
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