Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Objective. To stratify areas at risk of measles transmission in the state of Rio de Janeiro, using the risk assessment tool developed by the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with adaptations to the regional context. Methods. This ecological study used municip...
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Pan American Health Organization
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
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| Online Access: | https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/62110 |
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| author | Yasmin T. dos Santos Heitor L. Praça Alexandre San Pedro Larissa N.M. Reis Paula B. Conceição Gerusa Gibson |
| author_facet | Yasmin T. dos Santos Heitor L. Praça Alexandre San Pedro Larissa N.M. Reis Paula B. Conceição Gerusa Gibson |
| author_sort | Yasmin T. dos Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective. To stratify areas at risk of measles transmission in the state of Rio de Janeiro, using the risk assessment tool developed by the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with adaptations to the regional context.
Methods. This ecological study used municipalities of Rio de Janeiro state as the units of analysis. The overall risk of measles transmission was evaluated based on the scores of indicators grouped into four categories: vaccination, threat assessment, quality of health care services, and living conditions. After summing and normalizing the scores for each category, weights were assigned to obtain the risk index. The 20%, 60%, and 90% centiles were used to establish cut-off points, classifying municipalities as low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. To evaluate the performance of the measles transmission risk index, a spatial overlay was performed with the cases reported in the epidemic period 2018–2020.
Results. A progressive increase in incidence rates of measles cases was observed across municipalities, corresponding to escalating transmission risk in different strata. About 97% of measles cases occurred in municipalities classified as high or very high risk, primarily located in the state’s metropolitan region.
Conclusion. Given the potential risk of measles transmission during the post-elimination period, our findings reinforce the importance of developing and implementing tools to identify priority areas for surveillance. The spatial overlay indicated the method’s effectiveness in identifying vulnerabilities associated with transmission other than low vaccine coverage, such as precarious living conditions and poor quality of health care services. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7d68cd5b1f646f49cbefc6c2cf395da |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1020-4989 1680-5348 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Pan American Health Organization |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7d68cd5b1f646f49cbefc6c2cf395da2024-11-20T12:07:05ZengPan American Health OrganizationRevista Panamericana de Salud Pública1020-49891680-53482024-11-01481231910.26633/RPSP.2024.123rpspMapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, BrazilYasmin T. dos Santos0Heitor L. Praça1Alexandre San Pedro2Larissa N.M. Reis3Paula B. Conceição4Gerusa Gibson5Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Objective. To stratify areas at risk of measles transmission in the state of Rio de Janeiro, using the risk assessment tool developed by the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with adaptations to the regional context. Methods. This ecological study used municipalities of Rio de Janeiro state as the units of analysis. The overall risk of measles transmission was evaluated based on the scores of indicators grouped into four categories: vaccination, threat assessment, quality of health care services, and living conditions. After summing and normalizing the scores for each category, weights were assigned to obtain the risk index. The 20%, 60%, and 90% centiles were used to establish cut-off points, classifying municipalities as low risk, medium risk, high risk, and very high risk. To evaluate the performance of the measles transmission risk index, a spatial overlay was performed with the cases reported in the epidemic period 2018–2020. Results. A progressive increase in incidence rates of measles cases was observed across municipalities, corresponding to escalating transmission risk in different strata. About 97% of measles cases occurred in municipalities classified as high or very high risk, primarily located in the state’s metropolitan region. Conclusion. Given the potential risk of measles transmission during the post-elimination period, our findings reinforce the importance of developing and implementing tools to identify priority areas for surveillance. The spatial overlay indicated the method’s effectiveness in identifying vulnerabilities associated with transmission other than low vaccine coverage, such as precarious living conditions and poor quality of health care services.https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/62110measlesrisk assessmentincidenceepidemiological monitoringbrazil |
| spellingShingle | Yasmin T. dos Santos Heitor L. Praça Alexandre San Pedro Larissa N.M. Reis Paula B. Conceição Gerusa Gibson Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública measles risk assessment incidence epidemiological monitoring brazil |
| title | Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full | Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_short | Mapping priority areas for measles surveillance: stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil |
| title_sort | mapping priority areas for measles surveillance stratifying reintroduction and transmission risk in rio de janeiro brazil |
| topic | measles risk assessment incidence epidemiological monitoring brazil |
| url | https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/62110 |
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