Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium

In this study, essential oil was extracted from the fruit of Litsea cubeba by hydrodistillation, and its major components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against Cladosporium was determined and its mechanism of action was...

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Main Author: PENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: China Food Publishing Company 2025-05-01
Series:Shipin Kexue
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Online Access:https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2025-46-10-006.pdf
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author PENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang
author_facet PENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang
author_sort PENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang
collection DOAJ
description In this study, essential oil was extracted from the fruit of Litsea cubeba by hydrodistillation, and its major components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against Cladosporium was determined and its mechanism of action was explored by examining the antibacterial rate and mycelium inhibition rate of Cladosporium, the liposome leakage assay, and the determination of leakage of intracellular ions and macromolecular contents and ATPase activity. The results indicated that the major components of L. cubeba essential oil were terpenoids such as citral and monoterpene oxides. Its minimum inhibitory concentration against Cladosporium was 0.64% (V/V). The essential oil was effective in inhibiting the growth of Cladosporium mycelium and altering its molecular structure and functional groups. The initial target for the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was the cell membrane, where it increased the permeability of the phospholipid bilayer in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to the leakage of fluorescein encapsulated in liposomes without collapsing the bilayer. It also caused the leakage of intracellular K+, Ca2+, and macromolecules, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of Cladosporium. Scanning electron microscope observation further confirmed that L. cubeba essential oil disrupted the morphology of Cladosporium mycelium, resulting in severe loss of intracellular contents.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1002-6630
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher China Food Publishing Company
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spelling doaj-art-f7c34e5d873e4f9da8f7a15f672dcb4c2025-08-20T03:25:07ZengChina Food Publishing CompanyShipin Kexue1002-66302025-05-014610515810.7506/spkx1002-6630-20240708-081Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against CladosporiumPENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang0(College of Pharmacy and Food, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China)In this study, essential oil was extracted from the fruit of Litsea cubeba by hydrodistillation, and its major components were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against Cladosporium was determined and its mechanism of action was explored by examining the antibacterial rate and mycelium inhibition rate of Cladosporium, the liposome leakage assay, and the determination of leakage of intracellular ions and macromolecular contents and ATPase activity. The results indicated that the major components of L. cubeba essential oil were terpenoids such as citral and monoterpene oxides. Its minimum inhibitory concentration against Cladosporium was 0.64% (V/V). The essential oil was effective in inhibiting the growth of Cladosporium mycelium and altering its molecular structure and functional groups. The initial target for the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was the cell membrane, where it increased the permeability of the phospholipid bilayer in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to the leakage of fluorescein encapsulated in liposomes without collapsing the bilayer. It also caused the leakage of intracellular K+, Ca2+, and macromolecules, thereby inhibiting the growth and reproduction of Cladosporium. Scanning electron microscope observation further confirmed that L. cubeba essential oil disrupted the morphology of Cladosporium mycelium, resulting in severe loss of intracellular contents.https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2025-46-10-006.pdfcladosporium; litsea cubeba essential oil; antimicrobial activity; antimicrobial mechanism
spellingShingle PENG Yuanyuan, LIU Zhenyu, HUANG Qi, XIE Sha, BI Xiufang, HUANG Meigui, HAO Gang
Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
Shipin Kexue
cladosporium; litsea cubeba essential oil; antimicrobial activity; antimicrobial mechanism
title Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
title_full Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
title_fullStr Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
title_full_unstemmed Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
title_short Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism of Action of Litsea cubeba Essential Oil against Cladosporium
title_sort antimicrobial activity and mechanism of action of litsea cubeba essential oil against cladosporium
topic cladosporium; litsea cubeba essential oil; antimicrobial activity; antimicrobial mechanism
url https://www.spkx.net.cn/fileup/1002-6630/PDF/2025-46-10-006.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT pengyuanyuanliuzhenyuhuangqixieshabixiufanghuangmeiguihaogang antimicrobialactivityandmechanismofactionoflitseacubebaessentialoilagainstcladosporium