Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production
Marine macroalgae is a biomass resource for the manufacture of fuels and chemicals, which can be sustainably harvested from seaweed farms or from man-made structures where it accumulates as a biofouling organism. However, in temperate regions farmed macroalgae can only be harvested between late Spri...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-10-01
|
| Series: | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524001703 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846117764572381184 |
|---|---|
| author | Marie E. Kirby Trisha Toop Miloud Ouadi Lesley McEvoy Christine Rolin Rhiannon Inkster Philip W. Dyer Michael K. Theodorou |
| author_facet | Marie E. Kirby Trisha Toop Miloud Ouadi Lesley McEvoy Christine Rolin Rhiannon Inkster Philip W. Dyer Michael K. Theodorou |
| author_sort | Marie E. Kirby |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marine macroalgae is a biomass resource for the manufacture of fuels and chemicals, which can be sustainably harvested from seaweed farms or from man-made structures where it accumulates as a biofouling organism. However, in temperate regions farmed macroalgae can only be harvested between late Spring and early Summer, limiting year-round availability. Here we show that a conventional grass ensilage procedure preserves Saccharina latissima dominated biomass on the tonne scale for 30 months, enabling year-round use of this biomass. Following processing, the resulting dried and pelletised ensiled macroalgae material was subject to Thermo-Catalytic Reforming™, comprising sequential pyrolysis (450 °C) and either dry or steam catalytic reforming (700 °C) processes. Both processing methods produced a mixture of bio-oil (1.6–1.9 wt%) and hydrogen-rich permanent gases (30.9–31.1 wt%) with higher heating values of 34.8–35.4 MJ/kg and 18.0–24.2 MJ/m3, respectively, together with char (45.5–48.5 % wt). The permanent gases can be used directly for heat generation, while hydro-treatment of the bio-oil would afford a material that can be blended with traditional transport fuels. This work demonstrates that if operated at scale, the combined harvesting, ensilaging and Thermo-Catalytic Reforming™ of preserved macroalgal biomass offers a year-round decentralised energy resource. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f7b3a8bb1f2e47fca8ad4fee339d98b2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2590-1745 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energy Conversion and Management: X |
| spelling | doaj-art-f7b3a8bb1f2e47fca8ad4fee339d98b22024-12-18T08:51:17ZengElsevierEnergy Conversion and Management: X2590-17452024-10-0124100692Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy productionMarie E. Kirby0Trisha Toop1Miloud Ouadi2Lesley McEvoy3Christine Rolin4Rhiannon Inkster5Philip W. Dyer6Michael K. Theodorou7Agriculture and the Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UK; Corresponding author.Agriculture and the Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UKSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UKNAFC Marine Centre (UHI), Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UKNAFC Marine Centre (UHI), Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UKNAFC Marine Centre (UHI), Port Arthur, Scalloway, Shetland, ZE1 0UN, UKDepartment of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UKAgriculture and the Environment Department, Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, UKMarine macroalgae is a biomass resource for the manufacture of fuels and chemicals, which can be sustainably harvested from seaweed farms or from man-made structures where it accumulates as a biofouling organism. However, in temperate regions farmed macroalgae can only be harvested between late Spring and early Summer, limiting year-round availability. Here we show that a conventional grass ensilage procedure preserves Saccharina latissima dominated biomass on the tonne scale for 30 months, enabling year-round use of this biomass. Following processing, the resulting dried and pelletised ensiled macroalgae material was subject to Thermo-Catalytic Reforming™, comprising sequential pyrolysis (450 °C) and either dry or steam catalytic reforming (700 °C) processes. Both processing methods produced a mixture of bio-oil (1.6–1.9 wt%) and hydrogen-rich permanent gases (30.9–31.1 wt%) with higher heating values of 34.8–35.4 MJ/kg and 18.0–24.2 MJ/m3, respectively, together with char (45.5–48.5 % wt). The permanent gases can be used directly for heat generation, while hydro-treatment of the bio-oil would afford a material that can be blended with traditional transport fuels. This work demonstrates that if operated at scale, the combined harvesting, ensilaging and Thermo-Catalytic Reforming™ of preserved macroalgal biomass offers a year-round decentralised energy resource.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524001703MacroalgaePyrolysisThermo-Catalytic ReformingEnsilingSilageEnergy conversion |
| spellingShingle | Marie E. Kirby Trisha Toop Miloud Ouadi Lesley McEvoy Christine Rolin Rhiannon Inkster Philip W. Dyer Michael K. Theodorou Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production Energy Conversion and Management: X Macroalgae Pyrolysis Thermo-Catalytic Reforming Ensiling Silage Energy conversion |
| title | Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| title_full | Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| title_fullStr | Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| title_short | Thermo-catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled Saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| title_sort | thermo catalytic reforming pyrolysis of ensiled saccharina latissima dominated macroalgal pellets for bioenergy production |
| topic | Macroalgae Pyrolysis Thermo-Catalytic Reforming Ensiling Silage Energy conversion |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590174524001703 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT marieekirby thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT trishatoop thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT miloudouadi thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT lesleymcevoy thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT christinerolin thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT rhiannoninkster thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT philipwdyer thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction AT michaelktheodorou thermocatalyticreformingpyrolysisofensiledsaccharinalatissimadominatedmacroalgalpelletsforbioenergyproduction |