Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria from companion animals poses significant public health risks. Prudent antibiotic use, particularly through pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling, is crucial for minimizing resistance. We investigated the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin (AMX) ag...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Ji-Soo Jeong Jeong-Won Kim Jin-Hwa Kim Chang-Yeop Kim Eun-Hye Chung So-Young Boo Su-Ha Lee Je-Won Ko Tae-Won Kim |
| author_facet | Ji-Soo Jeong Jeong-Won Kim Jin-Hwa Kim Chang-Yeop Kim Eun-Hye Chung So-Young Boo Su-Ha Lee Je-Won Ko Tae-Won Kim |
| author_sort | Ji-Soo Jeong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antibiotic resistance in bacteria from companion animals poses significant public health risks. Prudent antibiotic use, particularly through pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling, is crucial for minimizing resistance. We investigated the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin (AMX) against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i>. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted on healthy dogs subcutaneously injected with a dose of 15 mg/kg AMX. The antibacterial efficacy of AMX was evaluated against a standard strain from animals (KCTC 3344) and clinical isolates from dogs (B-2, B-7, and B-8), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.25, 0.5, 64, and 16 μg/mL, respectively. The half-life of AMX was 7 h, allowing for extended drug efficacy. The time above MIC (%T <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>></mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> MIC) values indicated that the AMX concentrations were maintained above MICs of the two susceptible strains (KCTC 3344 and B-2) for more than 80% of the time when dosed at a one-day interval, suggesting an effective treatment. The area under the curve over 24 h/MIC ratios confirmed the bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and bacterial eradication effects of AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> strains, except for B-7 (the most resistant strain). These results support improved clinical dosing strategies for AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> infections in dogs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f76e90e2e0e64ae7b231cac47cf818b7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj-art-f76e90e2e0e64ae7b231cac47cf818b72024-12-27T14:45:28ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172024-12-011312112110.3390/pathogens13121121Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in DogsJi-Soo Jeong0Jeong-Won Kim1Jin-Hwa Kim2Chang-Yeop Kim3Eun-Hye Chung4So-Young Boo5Su-Ha Lee6Je-Won Ko7Tae-Won Kim8College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaCollege of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34131, Republic of KoreaAntibiotic resistance in bacteria from companion animals poses significant public health risks. Prudent antibiotic use, particularly through pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling, is crucial for minimizing resistance. We investigated the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin (AMX) against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i>. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted on healthy dogs subcutaneously injected with a dose of 15 mg/kg AMX. The antibacterial efficacy of AMX was evaluated against a standard strain from animals (KCTC 3344) and clinical isolates from dogs (B-2, B-7, and B-8), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.25, 0.5, 64, and 16 μg/mL, respectively. The half-life of AMX was 7 h, allowing for extended drug efficacy. The time above MIC (%T <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>></mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> MIC) values indicated that the AMX concentrations were maintained above MICs of the two susceptible strains (KCTC 3344 and B-2) for more than 80% of the time when dosed at a one-day interval, suggesting an effective treatment. The area under the curve over 24 h/MIC ratios confirmed the bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and bacterial eradication effects of AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> strains, except for B-7 (the most resistant strain). These results support improved clinical dosing strategies for AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> infections in dogs.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/12/1121antimicrobialPK/PD modelingdosingdrug exposureantibiotic resistance |
| spellingShingle | Ji-Soo Jeong Jeong-Won Kim Jin-Hwa Kim Chang-Yeop Kim Eun-Hye Chung So-Young Boo Su-Ha Lee Je-Won Ko Tae-Won Kim Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs Pathogens antimicrobial PK/PD modeling dosing drug exposure antibiotic resistance |
| title | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs |
| title_full | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs |
| title_short | Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs |
| title_sort | pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics evaluation of amoxicillin against i staphylococcus pseudintermedius i in dogs |
| topic | antimicrobial PK/PD modeling dosing drug exposure antibiotic resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/12/1121 |
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