Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Amoxicillin Against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i> in Dogs
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria from companion animals poses significant public health risks. Prudent antibiotic use, particularly through pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling, is crucial for minimizing resistance. We investigated the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin (AMX) ag...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/13/12/1121 |
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| Summary: | Antibiotic resistance in bacteria from companion animals poses significant public health risks. Prudent antibiotic use, particularly through pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics modeling, is crucial for minimizing resistance. We investigated the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin (AMX) against <i>Staphylococcus pseudintermedius</i>. A pharmacokinetic study was conducted on healthy dogs subcutaneously injected with a dose of 15 mg/kg AMX. The antibacterial efficacy of AMX was evaluated against a standard strain from animals (KCTC 3344) and clinical isolates from dogs (B-2, B-7, and B-8), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.25, 0.5, 64, and 16 μg/mL, respectively. The half-life of AMX was 7 h, allowing for extended drug efficacy. The time above MIC (%T <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mo>></mo></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> MIC) values indicated that the AMX concentrations were maintained above MICs of the two susceptible strains (KCTC 3344 and B-2) for more than 80% of the time when dosed at a one-day interval, suggesting an effective treatment. The area under the curve over 24 h/MIC ratios confirmed the bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and bacterial eradication effects of AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> strains, except for B-7 (the most resistant strain). These results support improved clinical dosing strategies for AMX against <i>S. pseudintermedius</i> infections in dogs. |
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| ISSN: | 2076-0817 |