Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine
<i>Monascus</i> species are known to produce various secondary metabolites with polyketide structures, including Monacolins, pigments, and citrinin. This study investigates the effects of 5-azacytidine on <i>Monascus</i> M1 and RP2. The dry weight, red, yellow, and orange pig...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/819 |
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| author | Chan Zhang Haijiao Wang Qing Sun Arzugul Ablimit Huijun Dong Congcong Wang Duchen Zhai Bobo Zhang Wenlin Hu Chengjian Liu Chengtao Wang |
| author_facet | Chan Zhang Haijiao Wang Qing Sun Arzugul Ablimit Huijun Dong Congcong Wang Duchen Zhai Bobo Zhang Wenlin Hu Chengjian Liu Chengtao Wang |
| author_sort | Chan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Monascus</i> species are known to produce various secondary metabolites with polyketide structures, including Monacolins, pigments, and citrinin. This study investigates the effects of 5-azacytidine on <i>Monascus</i> M1 and RP2. The dry weight, red, yellow, and orange pigment values, and Monacolin K yield of both <i>Monascus</i> strains were measured, and their hyphae observed through electron microscopy. The experimental group showed higher dry weights and pigment values than the control group for both strains. However, Monacolin K production increased substantially only for <i>Monascus</i> M1. Electron micrographs revealed surface wrinkles and large protrusions in both strains after 5-azacytidine treatment. As a potent DNA methylation-promoting agent, 5-azacytidine is very useful for epigenetic and cancer biology studies and for studying secondary metabolism in fungi. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f75d902e64b744bfadec2062ff7f98ff |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj-art-f75d902e64b744bfadec2062ff7f98ff2024-12-27T14:33:50ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2024-11-01101281910.3390/jof10120819Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-AzacytidineChan Zhang0Haijiao Wang1Qing Sun2Arzugul Ablimit3Huijun Dong4Congcong Wang5Duchen Zhai6Bobo Zhang7Wenlin Hu8Chengjian Liu9Chengtao Wang10School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, ChinaSchool of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, ChinaGuangdong Tianyi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang 524000, ChinaShandong Fanhui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinan 271100, ChinaSchool of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing 100048, China<i>Monascus</i> species are known to produce various secondary metabolites with polyketide structures, including Monacolins, pigments, and citrinin. This study investigates the effects of 5-azacytidine on <i>Monascus</i> M1 and RP2. The dry weight, red, yellow, and orange pigment values, and Monacolin K yield of both <i>Monascus</i> strains were measured, and their hyphae observed through electron microscopy. The experimental group showed higher dry weights and pigment values than the control group for both strains. However, Monacolin K production increased substantially only for <i>Monascus</i> M1. Electron micrographs revealed surface wrinkles and large protrusions in both strains after 5-azacytidine treatment. As a potent DNA methylation-promoting agent, 5-azacytidine is very useful for epigenetic and cancer biology studies and for studying secondary metabolism in fungi.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/819<i>Monascus</i>5-azacytidinepigmentsMonacolin KHPLC |
| spellingShingle | Chan Zhang Haijiao Wang Qing Sun Arzugul Ablimit Huijun Dong Congcong Wang Duchen Zhai Bobo Zhang Wenlin Hu Chengjian Liu Chengtao Wang Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine Journal of Fungi <i>Monascus</i> 5-azacytidine pigments Monacolin K HPLC |
| title | Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine |
| title_full | Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine |
| title_fullStr | Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine |
| title_short | Improvement of Monacolin K and Pigment Production in <i>Monascus</i> by 5-Azacytidine |
| title_sort | improvement of monacolin k and pigment production in i monascus i by 5 azacytidine |
| topic | <i>Monascus</i> 5-azacytidine pigments Monacolin K HPLC |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/12/819 |
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