Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions
Abstract Since the discovery of the turbulence drag reduction phenomenon over 70 years ago, it has been recognized that the addition of small quantities of drag-reducing agents to fluids can significantly decrease wall shear stress, thereby enhancing fluid pumpability. In many applications, the flui...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83910-6 |
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| author | Zhensong Cheng Xin Zhang Xiaodong Dai Hengli Zhai Xinwang Song Xudong Wang Liang Gao Guoxin Zhang Yuan Lu Lei Li Xiu Yan Jianhua Zhang |
| author_facet | Zhensong Cheng Xin Zhang Xiaodong Dai Hengli Zhai Xinwang Song Xudong Wang Liang Gao Guoxin Zhang Yuan Lu Lei Li Xiu Yan Jianhua Zhang |
| author_sort | Zhensong Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Since the discovery of the turbulence drag reduction phenomenon over 70 years ago, it has been recognized that the addition of small quantities of drag-reducing agents to fluids can significantly decrease wall shear stress, thereby enhancing fluid pumpability. In many applications, the fluids often contain salts, such as those used in fracturing processes within the petroleum sector. The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of salinity, flow rate, and polymer concentration on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in circular pipes. The experimental process was designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and a predictive regression model for the drag reduction rate (DR) was developed. By comparing the predicted results with the experimental outcomes, we found that the accuracy of the predictive model is high, with the error controlled within ± 20%. To provide a more intuitive understanding of the effect of salinity on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate, this paper introduces the innovative concept of Drag Reduction Inhibition Rate (ε). The results indicate that the drag reduction rate in saline solutions is generally lower than that in salt-free solutions. However, during the initial stage of turbulence, a small amount of salt facilitates the unfolding of sodium alginate molecules, thereby enhancing the drag reduction effect (ε > 100%). Following this initial turbulent phase, the inhibitory effect of salinity on the polymer becomes pronounced, causing the drag reduction inhibition rate to decrease from 115 to 20%. We propose that high concentrations of salt may restrict the extent of polymer unfolding, resulting in concentrated solutions degrading into dilute solutions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f6ea1aa41af04496a4fc8eb6f933b9c9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-f6ea1aa41af04496a4fc8eb6f933b9c92025-01-05T12:28:07ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-12-0114111310.1038/s41598-024-83910-6Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutionsZhensong Cheng0Xin Zhang1Xiaodong Dai2Hengli Zhai3Xinwang Song4Xudong Wang5Liang Gao6Guoxin Zhang7Yuan Lu8Lei Li9Xiu Yan10Jianhua Zhang11College of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyCollege of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyCollege of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyDownhole Service of SINOPEC Shengli Oilfield Service CorporationCollege of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyCollege of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyCollege of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologyCNOOC (Tianjin) Oilfield Chemical Co., Ltd,300450CNOOC (Tianjin) Oilfield Chemical Co., Ltd,300450College of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical TechnologySSC-Jianghan Shale Gas Development Technology Service Company, No. 807, Gaoxin Avenue, Donghu High-Tech DistrictInstitute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria UniversityAbstract Since the discovery of the turbulence drag reduction phenomenon over 70 years ago, it has been recognized that the addition of small quantities of drag-reducing agents to fluids can significantly decrease wall shear stress, thereby enhancing fluid pumpability. In many applications, the fluids often contain salts, such as those used in fracturing processes within the petroleum sector. The aim of this study is to experimentally investigate the effects of salinity, flow rate, and polymer concentration on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in circular pipes. The experimental process was designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), and a predictive regression model for the drag reduction rate (DR) was developed. By comparing the predicted results with the experimental outcomes, we found that the accuracy of the predictive model is high, with the error controlled within ± 20%. To provide a more intuitive understanding of the effect of salinity on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate, this paper introduces the innovative concept of Drag Reduction Inhibition Rate (ε). The results indicate that the drag reduction rate in saline solutions is generally lower than that in salt-free solutions. However, during the initial stage of turbulence, a small amount of salt facilitates the unfolding of sodium alginate molecules, thereby enhancing the drag reduction effect (ε > 100%). Following this initial turbulent phase, the inhibitory effect of salinity on the polymer becomes pronounced, causing the drag reduction inhibition rate to decrease from 115 to 20%. We propose that high concentrations of salt may restrict the extent of polymer unfolding, resulting in concentrated solutions degrading into dilute solutions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83910-6 |
| spellingShingle | Zhensong Cheng Xin Zhang Xiaodong Dai Hengli Zhai Xinwang Song Xudong Wang Liang Gao Guoxin Zhang Yuan Lu Lei Li Xiu Yan Jianhua Zhang Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions Scientific Reports |
| title | Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| title_full | Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| title_fullStr | Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| title_short | Experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| title_sort | experimental study on the drag reduction performance of sodium alginate in saline solutions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83910-6 |
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