A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals
BackgroundPerceived pain intensity is an important determinant of health-related quality of life. A lack of studies has investigated the co-influences of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity and the shifts in effects after pandemic. As a post-COVID symptom, it is import...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1447168/full |
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| author | Hung Chak Ho Hung Chak Ho Wentao Bai Stanley Sau-Ching Wong Chi Wai Cheung Chi Wai Cheung |
| author_facet | Hung Chak Ho Hung Chak Ho Wentao Bai Stanley Sau-Ching Wong Chi Wai Cheung Chi Wai Cheung |
| author_sort | Hung Chak Ho |
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| description | BackgroundPerceived pain intensity is an important determinant of health-related quality of life. A lack of studies has investigated the co-influences of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity and the shifts in effects after pandemic. As a post-COVID symptom, it is important to re-assess the risk factors for post-COVID heath care.MethodsFour dimensions of physical/psychosocial risk factors were assessed: medical history, personal wellbeing and psychological distress, lifestyle, and socio-demographic characteristics. We first identified subgroups with significant increase in perceived pain intensity after pandemic by a comparison with the baseline group (all participants). Based on the variables associated with a severe increase in pain score (NRS), multivariate regression models were applied to identify risk factors on perceived pain intensity.ResultsAmong 3,237 urban individuals in Hong Kong, 20.95 and 30.58% were with severe pain (NRS > = 4) before and after pandemic. Participants with respiratory disease had the most significant increase in perceived pain intensity (increase in NRS: 1.29 [0.65, 1.93]), seconded by those with known psychiatric diseases and living with special needs. After pandemic, insomnia, known psychiatric diseases, female, and low household income remained as significant risk factors, and insomnia remained as the most significant (estimate: 1.018 [CI: 0.814, 1.221]). The effect sizes of these factors were increased after pandemic. Respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and low education (secondary school or below) were additional risk factors.ConclusionIt is necessary to develop up-to-date interventions targeting vulnerable populations, particularly individuals with known psychiatric diseases and insomnia, for pain reduction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f6adc968e35a40c39dedbdcf0a5eb8e3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj-art-f6adc968e35a40c39dedbdcf0a5eb8e32025-01-16T13:09:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782025-01-011510.3389/fpsyg.2024.14471681447168A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individualsHung Chak Ho0Hung Chak Ho1Wentao Bai2Stanley Sau-Ching Wong3Chi Wai Cheung4Chi Wai Cheung5Department of Public and International Affairs, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaSocial Determinants of Health Initiative, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaDepartment of Anaesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaHong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaBackgroundPerceived pain intensity is an important determinant of health-related quality of life. A lack of studies has investigated the co-influences of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity and the shifts in effects after pandemic. As a post-COVID symptom, it is important to re-assess the risk factors for post-COVID heath care.MethodsFour dimensions of physical/psychosocial risk factors were assessed: medical history, personal wellbeing and psychological distress, lifestyle, and socio-demographic characteristics. We first identified subgroups with significant increase in perceived pain intensity after pandemic by a comparison with the baseline group (all participants). Based on the variables associated with a severe increase in pain score (NRS), multivariate regression models were applied to identify risk factors on perceived pain intensity.ResultsAmong 3,237 urban individuals in Hong Kong, 20.95 and 30.58% were with severe pain (NRS > = 4) before and after pandemic. Participants with respiratory disease had the most significant increase in perceived pain intensity (increase in NRS: 1.29 [0.65, 1.93]), seconded by those with known psychiatric diseases and living with special needs. After pandemic, insomnia, known psychiatric diseases, female, and low household income remained as significant risk factors, and insomnia remained as the most significant (estimate: 1.018 [CI: 0.814, 1.221]). The effect sizes of these factors were increased after pandemic. Respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, and low education (secondary school or below) were additional risk factors.ConclusionIt is necessary to develop up-to-date interventions targeting vulnerable populations, particularly individuals with known psychiatric diseases and insomnia, for pain reduction.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1447168/fullperceived pain intensitypsychosocial factorspersonal wellbeingmental distressinsomniarisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Hung Chak Ho Hung Chak Ho Wentao Bai Stanley Sau-Ching Wong Chi Wai Cheung Chi Wai Cheung A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals Frontiers in Psychology perceived pain intensity psychosocial factors personal wellbeing mental distress insomnia risk factor |
| title | A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| title_full | A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| title_fullStr | A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| title_full_unstemmed | A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| title_short | A lesson for post-COVID healthcare: assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| title_sort | lesson for post covid healthcare assessment of physical and psychosocial risk factors on perceived pain intensity among urban individuals |
| topic | perceived pain intensity psychosocial factors personal wellbeing mental distress insomnia risk factor |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1447168/full |
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