The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study
BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread liver condition associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases, yet public awareness remains low. Early detection of risk factors is crucial, but liver biopsy, the diagnostic gold standard, is invasive and...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1494497/full |
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| author | Mina Radmehr Reza Homayounfar Reza Homayounfar Abolghasem Djazayery |
| author_facet | Mina Radmehr Reza Homayounfar Reza Homayounfar Abolghasem Djazayery |
| author_sort | Mina Radmehr |
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| description | BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread liver condition associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases, yet public awareness remains low. Early detection of risk factors is crucial, but liver biopsy, the diagnostic gold standard, is invasive and costly. Non-invasive anthropometric indices provide a safer alternative. This study examines these indices to identify the most reliable predictor of NAFLD in adults.MethodsIn the present cross-sectional study, we used the Fasa Cohort Data, conducted on about 10,000 people, of whom 1,047 were diagnosed with NAFLD. NAFLD diagnosis in this study was confirmed by physicians based on medical history and ultrasonographic evaluations, ensuring accurate and reliable identification of cases. General, anthropometric, and dietary assessments were performed using interviews, tools, and valid questionnaires. Biochemical evaluation was also done. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and visceral fat index (VAI) were also calculated using these measurements and formulas. This study used descriptive tests, binary logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis.ResultsIn both crude and adjusted models, significant associations were found between WHR, WHtR, BMI, and VAI with NAFLD. ROC analysis revealed that WHtR and BMI were the most accurate predictors of NAFLD in both genders (WHtR: men AUC = 0.750, women AUC = 0.702; BMI: men AUC = 0.754, women AUC = 0.701). BRI showed significant accuracy, but WHR (men: AUC = 0.727, women: AUC = 0.640) and VAI (men: AUC = 0.621, women: AUC = 0.622) were less effective. ABSI demonstrated poor predictive power (men: AUC = 0.530, women: AUC = 0.505) and is not recommended for NAFLD prediction.ConclusionBased on the findings, BMI and WHtR emerge as the most practical and accessible indicators for early screening of NAFLD in both men and women, while ABSI shows minor effectiveness in identifying the disease. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-f63093e54fbf41c9a2473be71974c3242025-01-07T06:42:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2025-01-011110.3389/fnut.2024.14944971494497The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional studyMina Radmehr0Reza Homayounfar1Reza Homayounfar2Abolghasem Djazayery3Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, IranNational Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of MedicalSciences, Fasa, IranDepartment of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranBackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a widespread liver condition associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases, yet public awareness remains low. Early detection of risk factors is crucial, but liver biopsy, the diagnostic gold standard, is invasive and costly. Non-invasive anthropometric indices provide a safer alternative. This study examines these indices to identify the most reliable predictor of NAFLD in adults.MethodsIn the present cross-sectional study, we used the Fasa Cohort Data, conducted on about 10,000 people, of whom 1,047 were diagnosed with NAFLD. NAFLD diagnosis in this study was confirmed by physicians based on medical history and ultrasonographic evaluations, ensuring accurate and reliable identification of cases. General, anthropometric, and dietary assessments were performed using interviews, tools, and valid questionnaires. Biochemical evaluation was also done. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), and visceral fat index (VAI) were also calculated using these measurements and formulas. This study used descriptive tests, binary logistic regression, and ROC curve analysis.ResultsIn both crude and adjusted models, significant associations were found between WHR, WHtR, BMI, and VAI with NAFLD. ROC analysis revealed that WHtR and BMI were the most accurate predictors of NAFLD in both genders (WHtR: men AUC = 0.750, women AUC = 0.702; BMI: men AUC = 0.754, women AUC = 0.701). BRI showed significant accuracy, but WHR (men: AUC = 0.727, women: AUC = 0.640) and VAI (men: AUC = 0.621, women: AUC = 0.622) were less effective. ABSI demonstrated poor predictive power (men: AUC = 0.530, women: AUC = 0.505) and is not recommended for NAFLD prediction.ConclusionBased on the findings, BMI and WHtR emerge as the most practical and accessible indicators for early screening of NAFLD in both men and women, while ABSI shows minor effectiveness in identifying the disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1494497/fullnon-alcoholic fatty liveranthropometric indicesa body shape indexbody roundness indexNAFLD |
| spellingShingle | Mina Radmehr Reza Homayounfar Reza Homayounfar Abolghasem Djazayery The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study Frontiers in Nutrition non-alcoholic fatty liver anthropometric indices a body shape index body roundness index NAFLD |
| title | The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | The relationship between anthropometric indices and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | relationship between anthropometric indices and non alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | non-alcoholic fatty liver anthropometric indices a body shape index body roundness index NAFLD |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1494497/full |
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