Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines
Maize (Zea mays L.) production in sub-Saharan Africa can be improved by using hybrids with genetic resistance to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). This study aimed to assess the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), reciprocal effects, and quantitative genetic basis of MLN resistance and ag...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1506139/full |
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| author | Hilda M. Kavai Hilda M. Kavai Dan Makumbi Felister M. Nzuve Vincent W. Woyengo L. M. Suresh William M. Muiru Manje Gowda Boddupalli M. Prasanna |
| author_facet | Hilda M. Kavai Hilda M. Kavai Dan Makumbi Felister M. Nzuve Vincent W. Woyengo L. M. Suresh William M. Muiru Manje Gowda Boddupalli M. Prasanna |
| author_sort | Hilda M. Kavai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maize (Zea mays L.) production in sub-Saharan Africa can be improved by using hybrids with genetic resistance to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). This study aimed to assess the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), reciprocal effects, and quantitative genetic basis of MLN resistance and agronomic traits in tropical maize inbred lines. A total of 182 hybrids from a 14-parent diallel, along with their parents, were evaluated under artificial MLN inoculation and rainfed conditions for 3 years in Kenya. Disease ratings at four time points, grain yield (GY), and other agronomic traits were analyzed using Griffing’s Method 3 and Hayman’s diallel models. Significant (P < 0.001) GCA and SCA mean squares were observed for all traits under disease conditions and most traits under rainfed conditions, highlighting the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic effects. However, additive gene action predominated for all traits. Narrow-sense heritability estimates for MLN resistance (h2 = 0.52–0.56) indicated a strong additive genetic component. Reciprocal effects were not significant for MLN resistance, suggesting minimal maternal or cytoplasmic inheritance. Four inbred lines showed significant negative GCA effects for MLN resistance and positive GCA effects for GY under artificial MLN inoculation. Inbred lines CKL181281 and CKL182037 (GCA effects for MLN4 = -0.45 and -0.24, respectively) contained the most recessive alleles for MLN resistance. The minimum number of groups of genes involved in MLN resistance was estimated to be three. Breeding strategies that emphasize GCA could effectively be used to improve MLN resistance in this germplasm. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f62c84cfcb8a4f019b8c215b1c78fa09 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-f62c84cfcb8a4f019b8c215b1c78fa092025-01-09T04:11:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-01-011510.3389/fpls.2024.15061391506139Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred linesHilda M. Kavai0Hilda M. Kavai1Dan Makumbi2Felister M. Nzuve3Vincent W. Woyengo4L. M. Suresh5William M. Muiru6Manje Gowda7Boddupalli M. Prasanna8International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaKenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Non-Ruminant Research Institute, Kakamega, KenyaInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Plant Science and Crop Protection, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, KenyaInternational Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Nairobi, KenyaMaize (Zea mays L.) production in sub-Saharan Africa can be improved by using hybrids with genetic resistance to maize lethal necrosis (MLN). This study aimed to assess the general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA), reciprocal effects, and quantitative genetic basis of MLN resistance and agronomic traits in tropical maize inbred lines. A total of 182 hybrids from a 14-parent diallel, along with their parents, were evaluated under artificial MLN inoculation and rainfed conditions for 3 years in Kenya. Disease ratings at four time points, grain yield (GY), and other agronomic traits were analyzed using Griffing’s Method 3 and Hayman’s diallel models. Significant (P < 0.001) GCA and SCA mean squares were observed for all traits under disease conditions and most traits under rainfed conditions, highlighting the importance of both additive and non-additive genetic effects. However, additive gene action predominated for all traits. Narrow-sense heritability estimates for MLN resistance (h2 = 0.52–0.56) indicated a strong additive genetic component. Reciprocal effects were not significant for MLN resistance, suggesting minimal maternal or cytoplasmic inheritance. Four inbred lines showed significant negative GCA effects for MLN resistance and positive GCA effects for GY under artificial MLN inoculation. Inbred lines CKL181281 and CKL182037 (GCA effects for MLN4 = -0.45 and -0.24, respectively) contained the most recessive alleles for MLN resistance. The minimum number of groups of genes involved in MLN resistance was estimated to be three. Breeding strategies that emphasize GCA could effectively be used to improve MLN resistance in this germplasm.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1506139/fulldiallelcombining abilitydisease resistanceheritabilitymaizematernal |
| spellingShingle | Hilda M. Kavai Hilda M. Kavai Dan Makumbi Felister M. Nzuve Vincent W. Woyengo L. M. Suresh William M. Muiru Manje Gowda Boddupalli M. Prasanna Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines Frontiers in Plant Science diallel combining ability disease resistance heritability maize maternal |
| title | Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| title_full | Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| title_fullStr | Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| title_short | Inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| title_sort | inheritance of resistance to maize lethal necrosis in tropical maize inbred lines |
| topic | diallel combining ability disease resistance heritability maize maternal |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1506139/full |
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