Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality

Understanding how regionality influences the key characteristics of cider will assist the industry to produce a premium and consistent quality product. Three dessert apple varieties were sourced from three (minimum) orchards per region from nine major growing regions across Australia over two season...

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Main Authors: Madeleine L. Way, Joanna E. Jones, Ian Hunt, Robert G. Dambergs, Nigel D. Swarts
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-10-01
Series:Beverages
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/10/4/99
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author Madeleine L. Way
Joanna E. Jones
Ian Hunt
Robert G. Dambergs
Nigel D. Swarts
author_facet Madeleine L. Way
Joanna E. Jones
Ian Hunt
Robert G. Dambergs
Nigel D. Swarts
author_sort Madeleine L. Way
collection DOAJ
description Understanding how regionality influences the key characteristics of cider will assist the industry to produce a premium and consistent quality product. Three dessert apple varieties were sourced from three (minimum) orchards per region from nine major growing regions across Australia over two seasons. Ciders produced from these apples were analysed for base quality characteristics, including total phenolic content (TPC), pH, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA). Across both seasons, region had a significant influence on TPC, with the region model explaining approximately 25% of the variation in TPC. TSS and TA were significantly influenced by an interaction between variety and region, with the model accounting for approximately 60% and 75% of the variation, respectively, over both seasons. An interaction between variety and region influenced pH results in the first season, with only mean effects in the second season. A climate model was developed using average rainfall data and growing degree days (GDDs). Differences in climate accounted for most, but not all, of the regional variation observed in cider quality measurements. These results demonstrate that the apple growing region can significantly impact the resulting cider quality. Such findings are critical for supporting cider producers to make informed decisions when sourcing fruit.
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spelling doaj-art-f6200e85ba2e4851a8d8c931b58b38d12024-12-27T14:11:15ZengMDPI AGBeverages2306-57102024-10-011049910.3390/beverages10040099Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider QualityMadeleine L. Way0Joanna E. Jones1Ian Hunt2Robert G. Dambergs3Nigel D. Swarts4Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98 Sandy Bay, Tasmania, TAS 7001, AustraliaTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98 Sandy Bay, Tasmania, TAS 7001, AustraliaTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98 Sandy Bay, Tasmania, TAS 7001, AustraliaTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98 Sandy Bay, Tasmania, TAS 7001, AustraliaTasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 98 Sandy Bay, Tasmania, TAS 7001, AustraliaUnderstanding how regionality influences the key characteristics of cider will assist the industry to produce a premium and consistent quality product. Three dessert apple varieties were sourced from three (minimum) orchards per region from nine major growing regions across Australia over two seasons. Ciders produced from these apples were analysed for base quality characteristics, including total phenolic content (TPC), pH, total soluble solids (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA). Across both seasons, region had a significant influence on TPC, with the region model explaining approximately 25% of the variation in TPC. TSS and TA were significantly influenced by an interaction between variety and region, with the model accounting for approximately 60% and 75% of the variation, respectively, over both seasons. An interaction between variety and region influenced pH results in the first season, with only mean effects in the second season. A climate model was developed using average rainfall data and growing degree days (GDDs). Differences in climate accounted for most, but not all, of the regional variation observed in cider quality measurements. These results demonstrate that the apple growing region can significantly impact the resulting cider quality. Such findings are critical for supporting cider producers to make informed decisions when sourcing fruit.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/10/4/99appleciderpolyphenolregionclimatequality
spellingShingle Madeleine L. Way
Joanna E. Jones
Ian Hunt
Robert G. Dambergs
Nigel D. Swarts
Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
Beverages
apple
cider
polyphenol
region
climate
quality
title Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
title_full Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
title_fullStr Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
title_full_unstemmed Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
title_short Cider Terroir: Influence of Regionality on Australian Apple Cider Quality
title_sort cider terroir influence of regionality on australian apple cider quality
topic apple
cider
polyphenol
region
climate
quality
url https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5710/10/4/99
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