Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation

A new machine learning approach that transforms time-series analysis into temperature-series analysis is introduced to analyze stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 at 231 MPa using birefringence images observed at successive temperatures. The spatial distribution of the temperature-series data...

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Main Authors: Hirotaka Manaka, Kensei Toyoda, Yoko Miura
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2024-12-01
Series:Science and Technology of Advanced Materials: Methods
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27660400.2024.2342234
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author Hirotaka Manaka
Kensei Toyoda
Yoko Miura
author_facet Hirotaka Manaka
Kensei Toyoda
Yoko Miura
author_sort Hirotaka Manaka
collection DOAJ
description A new machine learning approach that transforms time-series analysis into temperature-series analysis is introduced to analyze stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 at 231 MPa using birefringence images observed at successive temperatures. The spatial distribution of the temperature-series data for each of the 42,280 pixels was clustered using the multivariate [Formula: see text]-shape clustering method based on the shape similarity of the temperature dependence. In addition, to obtain the structural and ferroelectric phase transition temperatures, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], hierarchical Bayesian temperature-series estimation was performed at each pixel (as a lower level) constrained over the entire cluster (as a higher level) considering the measurement error. Consequently, the K-shape clustering method revealed four clusters corresponding to elongated ferroelectric domains, explained by slight differences in retardance and fast-axis direction. Statistical analysis of the Bayesian posterior probability distribution showed a uniform distribution of [Formula: see text] over the sample, but an inhomogeneous distribution of [Formula: see text]. The higher [Formula: see text] regions exhibited a concentration of stress and/or strain. The Pearson correlation coefficient calculations suggested a strong to moderate relationship between the distribution of TF and the ferroelectric state, while the correlation between Tc and the ferroelectric state was weak or nonexistent. The combination of machine learning and statistics provides a more reliable and less arbitrary approach to analyzing temperature-series data. These multilevel analyses are particularly useful in studying critical phenomena near phase transition temperatures in condensed matter physics.
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spelling doaj-art-f56492a1e60a4f0ab49a0eb85c23fd1c2024-12-10T09:58:05ZengTaylor & Francis GroupScience and Technology of Advanced Materials: Methods2766-04002024-12-014110.1080/27660400.2024.2342234Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimationHirotaka Manaka0Kensei Toyoda1Yoko Miura2Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, JapanGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, JapanNational Institute of Technology, Suzuka College, Suzuka, JapanA new machine learning approach that transforms time-series analysis into temperature-series analysis is introduced to analyze stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3 at 231 MPa using birefringence images observed at successive temperatures. The spatial distribution of the temperature-series data for each of the 42,280 pixels was clustered using the multivariate [Formula: see text]-shape clustering method based on the shape similarity of the temperature dependence. In addition, to obtain the structural and ferroelectric phase transition temperatures, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], hierarchical Bayesian temperature-series estimation was performed at each pixel (as a lower level) constrained over the entire cluster (as a higher level) considering the measurement error. Consequently, the K-shape clustering method revealed four clusters corresponding to elongated ferroelectric domains, explained by slight differences in retardance and fast-axis direction. Statistical analysis of the Bayesian posterior probability distribution showed a uniform distribution of [Formula: see text] over the sample, but an inhomogeneous distribution of [Formula: see text]. The higher [Formula: see text] regions exhibited a concentration of stress and/or strain. The Pearson correlation coefficient calculations suggested a strong to moderate relationship between the distribution of TF and the ferroelectric state, while the correlation between Tc and the ferroelectric state was weak or nonexistent. The combination of machine learning and statistics provides a more reliable and less arbitrary approach to analyzing temperature-series data. These multilevel analyses are particularly useful in studying critical phenomena near phase transition temperatures in condensed matter physics.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27660400.2024.2342234Temperature-series analysis-shape clusteringhierarchical Bayesian estimationbirefringence imagestress-induced ferroelectricitySrTiO3
spellingShingle Hirotaka Manaka
Kensei Toyoda
Yoko Miura
Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials: Methods
Temperature-series analysis
-shape clustering
hierarchical Bayesian estimation
birefringence image
stress-induced ferroelectricity
SrTiO3
title Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
title_full Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
title_fullStr Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
title_full_unstemmed Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
title_short Multivariate temperature-series analysis of stress-induced ferroelectricity in SrTiO3: a machine learning approach with K-shape clustering and hierarchical Bayesian estimation
title_sort multivariate temperature series analysis of stress induced ferroelectricity in srtio3 a machine learning approach with k shape clustering and hierarchical bayesian estimation
topic Temperature-series analysis
-shape clustering
hierarchical Bayesian estimation
birefringence image
stress-induced ferroelectricity
SrTiO3
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/27660400.2024.2342234
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