Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding
Real-time measuring and obtaining surface tension of liquid metal during the arc welding process is critical for studying the behavior of the weld pool, such as Marangoni flow and flow velocity. The dynamic variation of surface tension of weld pool during tungsten inert gas welding process with and...
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MDPI AG
2024-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/11/1235 |
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| author | Jinchang Guo Jianxiao Bian Jianrui Zhang Chunkai Li |
| author_facet | Jinchang Guo Jianxiao Bian Jianrui Zhang Chunkai Li |
| author_sort | Jinchang Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Real-time measuring and obtaining surface tension of liquid metal during the arc welding process is critical for studying the behavior of the weld pool, such as Marangoni flow and flow velocity. The dynamic variation of surface tension of weld pool during tungsten inert gas welding process with and without fluoride flux was measured by weld pool oscillation sensing system, and the effect of fluoride flux on surface tension and pool behavior was analyzed. The results show that the surface tension gradient of liquid metal can convert from a negative to a positive value in a critical arc time. The flow velocity of liquid metal and critical arc time significantly increased and decreased, respectively, with fluoride flux. The variation of surface tension, flow velocity, and critical arc time with fluoride flux was induced by arc temperature increasing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f47b2a0a7e714c3c9e3ca52d2372ef72 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-f47b2a0a7e714c3c9e3ca52d2372ef722024-11-26T18:13:24ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012024-10-011411123510.3390/met14111235Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas WeldingJinchang Guo0Jianxiao Bian1Jianrui Zhang2Chunkai Li3School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Manufacturing, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, ChinaSchool of Intelligent Manufacturing, Longdong University, Qingyang 745000, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling Non-Ferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, ChinaReal-time measuring and obtaining surface tension of liquid metal during the arc welding process is critical for studying the behavior of the weld pool, such as Marangoni flow and flow velocity. The dynamic variation of surface tension of weld pool during tungsten inert gas welding process with and without fluoride flux was measured by weld pool oscillation sensing system, and the effect of fluoride flux on surface tension and pool behavior was analyzed. The results show that the surface tension gradient of liquid metal can convert from a negative to a positive value in a critical arc time. The flow velocity of liquid metal and critical arc time significantly increased and decreased, respectively, with fluoride flux. The variation of surface tension, flow velocity, and critical arc time with fluoride flux was induced by arc temperature increasing.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/11/1235surface tensionmarangoni convectionfluoridesliquid metalweld pool |
| spellingShingle | Jinchang Guo Jianxiao Bian Jianrui Zhang Chunkai Li Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding Metals surface tension marangoni convection fluorides liquid metal weld pool |
| title | Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding |
| title_full | Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding |
| title_fullStr | Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding |
| title_short | Variation of Surface Tension of Liquid Metal with Fluorides in Tungsten Inert Gas Welding |
| title_sort | variation of surface tension of liquid metal with fluorides in tungsten inert gas welding |
| topic | surface tension marangoni convection fluorides liquid metal weld pool |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/14/11/1235 |
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