Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides
Poria cocos (PC) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a widely used healthcare ingredient, which has antiobesity, enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects. Traditionally, only water-soluble poria polysaccharide (WSP) is extracted and applied for clinical application, while insolu...
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Tsinghua University Press
2024-05-01
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| Series: | Food Science and Human Wellness |
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| Online Access: | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250195 |
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| author | Fangming Zhang Hui Zheng Tao Zheng Pan Xu Yao Xu Yuxin Cao Fan Jia Yiqiong Zeng Yubing Fan Kai He Xinwen Dai Fengfei Hou Yong Yang |
| author_facet | Fangming Zhang Hui Zheng Tao Zheng Pan Xu Yao Xu Yuxin Cao Fan Jia Yiqiong Zeng Yubing Fan Kai He Xinwen Dai Fengfei Hou Yong Yang |
| author_sort | Fangming Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poria cocos (PC) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a widely used healthcare ingredient, which has antiobesity, enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects. Traditionally, only water-soluble poria polysaccharide (WSP) is extracted and applied for clinical application, while insoluble polysaccharide (alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide, ASP) is discarded as herb residue. However, the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal food. Considering the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC, ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of PC. Compared to WSP, little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide (CMP) which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant drug. In this study, the oil, cholesterol, metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability, in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP, ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three P. cocos polysaccharides (PCPs). The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol, polyphenols and metal ions (Cd2+/Zn2+/Mg2+), among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and CMP. The adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions (Cd2+/Zn2+) was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions (Mg2+); The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low, but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP; Moreover, the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota, among which ASP had the greatest influence. In general, ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria. The gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced, but the richness of probiotics, especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group, and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited after CMP treatment. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis results showed that all three PCPs could significantly promote the production of acetic acid, propionic acid and the total acid content compared with blank control group, and SCFAs producing activity was positively correlated with the proliferative capacity of probiotics. Taken together, the good adsorption characteristics and gut microbiota regulatory activity of ASP may lay foundation for its lipid-lowering and immune-improving function. Additionally, the probiotic effect of CMP and ASP indicated that except for only use the water extract of PC in clinic, CMP and ASP also can be used in healthcare to take full advantage of this valuable medicine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f449d51c48c946e89cc2811828e3f636 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2097-0765 2213-4530 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-05-01 |
| publisher | Tsinghua University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Food Science and Human Wellness |
| spelling | doaj-art-f449d51c48c946e89cc2811828e3f6362025-01-10T06:54:23ZengTsinghua University PressFood Science and Human Wellness2097-07652213-45302024-05-011331685169710.26599/FSHW.2022.9250195Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharidesFangming Zhang0Hui Zheng1Tao Zheng2Pan Xu3Yao Xu4Yuxin Cao5Fan Jia6Yiqiong Zeng7Yubing Fan8Kai He9Xinwen Dai10Fengfei Hou11Yong Yang12College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, ChinaHunan Fuling Engineering Technology Research Center, Huaihua 418100, ChinaHunan Fuling Engineering Technology Research Center, Huaihua 418100, ChinaCollege of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, ChinaPoria cocos (PC) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and a widely used healthcare ingredient, which has antiobesity, enhancing immunity and improving sleep effects. Traditionally, only water-soluble poria polysaccharide (WSP) is extracted and applied for clinical application, while insoluble polysaccharide (alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide, ASP) is discarded as herb residue. However, the whole PC has also been historically utilized as functional herbal food. Considering the beneficial role of dietary fiber and the traditional use of PC, ASP may also contribute substantially to the therapy function of PC. Compared to WSP, little attention has been paid to ASP and ASP modified product carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide (CMP) which has been used as an antitumor adjuvant drug. In this study, the oil, cholesterol, metal ions and polyphenols adsorption ability, in vitro simulated digestive and the gut microbiota fermentation characteristics of WSP, ASP and CMP were studied to evaluate the functional values of three P. cocos polysaccharides (PCPs). The results showed that all three PCPs had good adsorption capacity on cholesterol, polyphenols and metal ions (Cd2+/Zn2+/Mg2+), among which ASP showed the highest capacity than WSP and CMP. The adsorption capacity of all three PCPs on heavy metal ions (Cd2+/Zn2+) was stronger than that of non-heavy metal ions (Mg2+); The in vitro digestibility of all three PCPs was very low, but WSP was slightly higher than ASP and CMP; Moreover, the indigestible residue of all three PCPs could improve the richness and diversity of gut microbiota, among which ASP had the greatest influence. In general, ASP and CMP could significantly promote the proliferation of some probiotics and inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria. The gut microbiota diversity of CMP was reduced, but the richness of probiotics, especially Parabacteroides distasonis was significantly enhanced compared with the ASP group, and the growth of harmful bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited after CMP treatment. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) analysis results showed that all three PCPs could significantly promote the production of acetic acid, propionic acid and the total acid content compared with blank control group, and SCFAs producing activity was positively correlated with the proliferative capacity of probiotics. Taken together, the good adsorption characteristics and gut microbiota regulatory activity of ASP may lay foundation for its lipid-lowering and immune-improving function. Additionally, the probiotic effect of CMP and ASP indicated that except for only use the water extract of PC in clinic, CMP and ASP also can be used in healthcare to take full advantage of this valuable medicine.https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250195poria cocos polysaccharidesalkali-soluble poria polysaccharidecarboxymethyl poria polysaccharideadsorption characteristicsin vitro simulated digestionin vitro simulated gut microbiota fermentation |
| spellingShingle | Fangming Zhang Hui Zheng Tao Zheng Pan Xu Yao Xu Yuxin Cao Fan Jia Yiqiong Zeng Yubing Fan Kai He Xinwen Dai Fengfei Hou Yong Yang Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides Food Science and Human Wellness poria cocos polysaccharides alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide adsorption characteristics in vitro simulated digestion in vitro simulated gut microbiota fermentation |
| title | Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides |
| title_full | Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides |
| title_fullStr | Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides |
| title_short | Adsorption, in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three Poria cocos polysaccharides |
| title_sort | adsorption in vitro digestion and human gut microbiota regulation characteristics of three poria cocos polysaccharides |
| topic | poria cocos polysaccharides alkali-soluble poria polysaccharide carboxymethyl poria polysaccharide adsorption characteristics in vitro simulated digestion in vitro simulated gut microbiota fermentation |
| url | https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/FSHW.2022.9250195 |
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