On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field

Abstract Gravitational chiral anomaly connects the topological charge of spacetime and the chirality of fermions. It has been known that the chirality is carried by the particles (or the excited states) and also by vacuum. While the gravitational anomaly equation has been applied to cosmology, disti...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kohei Kamada, Jun’ya Kume
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of High Energy Physics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)203
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849238189373390848
author Kohei Kamada
Jun’ya Kume
author_facet Kohei Kamada
Jun’ya Kume
author_sort Kohei Kamada
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Gravitational chiral anomaly connects the topological charge of spacetime and the chirality of fermions. It has been known that the chirality is carried by the particles (or the excited states) and also by vacuum. While the gravitational anomaly equation has been applied to cosmology, distinction between these two contributions has been rarely discussed. In the study of gravitational leptogenesis, for example, lepton asymmetry associated with the chiral gravitational waves (GWs) sourced during inflation is evaluated only by integrating the anomaly equation. This approach, however, does not reveal how these two contributions are distributed in this scenario. Meanwhile, the dominance of vacuum contribution is observed in some specific types of Bianchi spacetime with parity-violating gravitational fields. One may wonder whether such a vacuum dominance takes place also in the system with chiral GWs around the flat background, which is more suitable for application to realistic cosmology. In this work, we apply an analogy between U(1) electromagnetism and the weak gravity to the spacetime that captures the characteristics of the one considered in the gravitational leptogenesis. With this approach, we try to obtain intuitive understanding of the fermion chirality generation under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field. By assuming the emergence of Landau level-like dispersion relation in our setup, we observe that spin-2 nature seems to make the level-crossing inefficient, indicating that the chrial charge is likely to accumulate in the vacuum. On this basis, phenomenological implications for gravitational leptogenesis are discussed.
format Article
id doaj-art-f35bb2455b074a9fa6a3a0995532362c
institution Kabale University
issn 1029-8479
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher SpringerOpen
record_format Article
series Journal of High Energy Physics
spelling doaj-art-f35bb2455b074a9fa6a3a0995532362c2025-08-20T04:01:42ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792025-06-012025613610.1007/JHEP06(2025)203On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational fieldKohei Kamada0Jun’ya Kume1School of Fundamental Physics and Mathematical Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIAS-UCAS)Research Center for the Early Universe (RESCEU), Graduate School of Science, The University of TokyoAbstract Gravitational chiral anomaly connects the topological charge of spacetime and the chirality of fermions. It has been known that the chirality is carried by the particles (or the excited states) and also by vacuum. While the gravitational anomaly equation has been applied to cosmology, distinction between these two contributions has been rarely discussed. In the study of gravitational leptogenesis, for example, lepton asymmetry associated with the chiral gravitational waves (GWs) sourced during inflation is evaluated only by integrating the anomaly equation. This approach, however, does not reveal how these two contributions are distributed in this scenario. Meanwhile, the dominance of vacuum contribution is observed in some specific types of Bianchi spacetime with parity-violating gravitational fields. One may wonder whether such a vacuum dominance takes place also in the system with chiral GWs around the flat background, which is more suitable for application to realistic cosmology. In this work, we apply an analogy between U(1) electromagnetism and the weak gravity to the spacetime that captures the characteristics of the one considered in the gravitational leptogenesis. With this approach, we try to obtain intuitive understanding of the fermion chirality generation under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field. By assuming the emergence of Landau level-like dispersion relation in our setup, we observe that spin-2 nature seems to make the level-crossing inefficient, indicating that the chrial charge is likely to accumulate in the vacuum. On this basis, phenomenological implications for gravitational leptogenesis are discussed.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)203Anomalies in Field and String TheoriesClassical Theories of GravityCosmological modelsEarly Universe Particle Physics
spellingShingle Kohei Kamada
Jun’ya Kume
On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
Journal of High Energy Physics
Anomalies in Field and String Theories
Classical Theories of Gravity
Cosmological models
Early Universe Particle Physics
title On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
title_full On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
title_fullStr On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
title_full_unstemmed On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
title_short On the inefficiency of fermion level-crossing under the parity-violating spin-2 gravitational field
title_sort on the inefficiency of fermion level crossing under the parity violating spin 2 gravitational field
topic Anomalies in Field and String Theories
Classical Theories of Gravity
Cosmological models
Early Universe Particle Physics
url https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP06(2025)203
work_keys_str_mv AT koheikamada ontheinefficiencyoffermionlevelcrossingundertheparityviolatingspin2gravitationalfield
AT junyakume ontheinefficiencyoffermionlevelcrossingundertheparityviolatingspin2gravitationalfield