Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress

Abstract Background Non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis) (NHCC) is an important vegetable crop with economic benefits and is widely cultivated worldwide. Heat stress disrupts intracellular homeostasis, resulting in significant growth inhibition of bud...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wei Liu, Zhangyang Dai, Jingyi Jia, Xiaofeng Li, Hongfang Zhu, Xianzhao Kan, Bo Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:BMC Plant Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07120-6
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849332859963179008
author Wei Liu
Zhangyang Dai
Jingyi Jia
Xiaofeng Li
Hongfang Zhu
Xianzhao Kan
Bo Zhu
author_facet Wei Liu
Zhangyang Dai
Jingyi Jia
Xiaofeng Li
Hongfang Zhu
Xianzhao Kan
Bo Zhu
author_sort Wei Liu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis) (NHCC) is an important vegetable crop with economic benefits and is widely cultivated worldwide. Heat stress disrupts intracellular homeostasis, resulting in significant growth inhibition of buds and roots, severe retardation of growth and development, and even death. However, there are relatively few studies on the molecular response mechanism of NHCC to heat stress. Results In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was employed to investigate the transcriptome data of the heat-tolerant variety “SHI” and the heat-sensitive variety “aijiaohuang” (“AJH”) under high temperature. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including transcription factors (TFs), genes related to hormone synthesis, and genes related to protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, were identified in both varieties. The combination of multi-sample RNA-seq data and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified four key modules, namely the darkgreen module, the yellow module, the blue module, and the turquoise module, and core genes within them, including MYB-related, HSP20 and DBB etc., were mined. Conclusion Our findings suggest that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signaling are crucial for “SHI"’s response to heat stress and some candidate genes such as MYB-related, HSP20 and DBB were identified. We validated our results with qRT-PCR, reinforcing the reliability of our data. These insights deepen our understanding of the physiological and molecular bases of NHCC heat tolerance and identify key genes for further molecular investigation.
format Article
id doaj-art-f28aa25da3d74b7e9bf556414b4f2a6b
institution Kabale University
issn 1471-2229
language English
publishDate 2025-08-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Plant Biology
spelling doaj-art-f28aa25da3d74b7e9bf556414b4f2a6b2025-08-20T03:46:04ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-08-0125112010.1186/s12870-025-07120-6Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stressWei Liu0Zhangyang Dai1Jingyi Jia2Xiaofeng Li3Hongfang Zhu4Xianzhao Kan5Bo Zhu6Key Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for the Conservation and Utilization of Important Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal UniversityAbstract Background Non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris (syn. Brassica rapa) ssp. chinensis) (NHCC) is an important vegetable crop with economic benefits and is widely cultivated worldwide. Heat stress disrupts intracellular homeostasis, resulting in significant growth inhibition of buds and roots, severe retardation of growth and development, and even death. However, there are relatively few studies on the molecular response mechanism of NHCC to heat stress. Results In this study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was employed to investigate the transcriptome data of the heat-tolerant variety “SHI” and the heat-sensitive variety “aijiaohuang” (“AJH”) under high temperature. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including transcription factors (TFs), genes related to hormone synthesis, and genes related to protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, were identified in both varieties. The combination of multi-sample RNA-seq data and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified four key modules, namely the darkgreen module, the yellow module, the blue module, and the turquoise module, and core genes within them, including MYB-related, HSP20 and DBB etc., were mined. Conclusion Our findings suggest that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, photosynthesis, and plant hormone signaling are crucial for “SHI"’s response to heat stress and some candidate genes such as MYB-related, HSP20 and DBB were identified. We validated our results with qRT-PCR, reinforcing the reliability of our data. These insights deepen our understanding of the physiological and molecular bases of NHCC heat tolerance and identify key genes for further molecular investigation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07120-6Non-heading chinese cabbageHeat stressWGCNA analysesTranscription factorsGene expression
spellingShingle Wei Liu
Zhangyang Dai
Jingyi Jia
Xiaofeng Li
Hongfang Zhu
Xianzhao Kan
Bo Zhu
Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
BMC Plant Biology
Non-heading chinese cabbage
Heat stress
WGCNA analyses
Transcription factors
Gene expression
title Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
title_full Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
title_fullStr Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
title_full_unstemmed Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
title_short Comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non-heading Chinese cabbage under heat stress
title_sort comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses identify computationally predicted key genes and regulatory pathways in non heading chinese cabbage under heat stress
topic Non-heading chinese cabbage
Heat stress
WGCNA analyses
Transcription factors
Gene expression
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-07120-6
work_keys_str_mv AT weiliu comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT zhangyangdai comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT jingyijia comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT xiaofengli comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT hongfangzhu comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT xianzhaokan comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress
AT bozhu comparativephysiologicalandtranscriptomicanalysesidentifycomputationallypredictedkeygenesandregulatorypathwaysinnonheadingchinesecabbageunderheatstress