Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study
Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) (excluding ASD and Asperger’s syndrome [AS]) and childhood caries (primary teeth and permanent teeth). Methods We conducted two-sample Mendeli...
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2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05839-7 |
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| author | Qiufang Jin Zexiu He Dongfang Xu Ruihua Lin Tongtong Zhang Bingjian Lv Yuliang Zhao |
| author_facet | Qiufang Jin Zexiu He Dongfang Xu Ruihua Lin Tongtong Zhang Bingjian Lv Yuliang Zhao |
| author_sort | Qiufang Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) (excluding ASD and Asperger’s syndrome [AS]) and childhood caries (primary teeth and permanent teeth). Methods We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by utilizing summary-level data of ASD and PDD (excluding ASD and AS) as exposures, and childhood caries (primary teeth and permanent teeth) as outcomes. Results The results showed that PDD (excluding ASD and AS) to be causally associated with caries in permanent teeth according to the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.151, 95%CI: 1.043–1.270, P = 0.005) and weighted median (OR: 1.159, 95%CI: 1.029–1.306, P = 0.015). However, according to the IVW (OR: 0.923, 95%CI: 0.873–1.003, P = 0.051), ASD might be causally associated with caries in permanent teeth. The results also showed no causal association between ASD or PDD (excluding ASD and AS) and caries in primary teeth. Conclusions Our study showed PDD (excluding ASD and AS) to have pathogenic effects on childhood caries of permanent teeth among a population of European ancestry. However, ASD was shown to have protective effects on childhood caries of permanent teeth. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f10f5a92e2db41d7a3b0794ae56a4b7b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-f10f5a92e2db41d7a3b0794ae56a4b7b2025-08-20T04:01:35ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-07-012511910.1186/s12887-025-05839-7Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization studyQiufang Jin0Zexiu He1Dongfang Xu2Ruihua Lin3Tongtong Zhang4Bingjian Lv5Yuliang Zhao6Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Pediatric Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical UniversityDepartment of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityAbstract Background This study aimed to investigate the causal relationships between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) (excluding ASD and Asperger’s syndrome [AS]) and childhood caries (primary teeth and permanent teeth). Methods We conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis by utilizing summary-level data of ASD and PDD (excluding ASD and AS) as exposures, and childhood caries (primary teeth and permanent teeth) as outcomes. Results The results showed that PDD (excluding ASD and AS) to be causally associated with caries in permanent teeth according to the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.151, 95%CI: 1.043–1.270, P = 0.005) and weighted median (OR: 1.159, 95%CI: 1.029–1.306, P = 0.015). However, according to the IVW (OR: 0.923, 95%CI: 0.873–1.003, P = 0.051), ASD might be causally associated with caries in permanent teeth. The results also showed no causal association between ASD or PDD (excluding ASD and AS) and caries in primary teeth. Conclusions Our study showed PDD (excluding ASD and AS) to have pathogenic effects on childhood caries of permanent teeth among a population of European ancestry. However, ASD was shown to have protective effects on childhood caries of permanent teeth.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05839-7Autism spectrum disorderPervasive developmental disorderCaries in primary teeth and permanent teethTwo-sample Mendelian randomization analysis |
| spellingShingle | Qiufang Jin Zexiu He Dongfang Xu Ruihua Lin Tongtong Zhang Bingjian Lv Yuliang Zhao Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study BMC Pediatrics Autism spectrum disorder Pervasive developmental disorder Caries in primary teeth and permanent teeth Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis |
| title | Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full | Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study |
| title_fullStr | Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study |
| title_short | Autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries: a comprehensive Mendelian randomization study |
| title_sort | autism spectrum disorders and childhood caries a comprehensive mendelian randomization study |
| topic | Autism spectrum disorder Pervasive developmental disorder Caries in primary teeth and permanent teeth Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-025-05839-7 |
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