Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade
In recent decades, double-skin façades (DSFs) have gained popularity in modern commercial buildings. However, their cavities can potentially accelerate flame spread, raising significant concerns regarding façade fire safety. Given that existing studies focus on the DSF component failures and fire st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24016381 |
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| author | Xukun Sun Hideki Yoshioka Takafumi Noguchi Yuhei Nishio Biao Zhou |
| author_facet | Xukun Sun Hideki Yoshioka Takafumi Noguchi Yuhei Nishio Biao Zhou |
| author_sort | Xukun Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent decades, double-skin façades (DSFs) have gained popularity in modern commercial buildings. However, their cavities can potentially accelerate flame spread, raising significant concerns regarding façade fire safety. Given that existing studies focus on the DSF component failures and fire stop measures without modeling validation, this study presents real-scale DSF fire experiments and modeling in accordance with JIS A 1310, conducted without combustibles to clarify fire behaviors within the cavity. The experiments employ HRRs of 600–900 kW and cavity depths of 0.4 and 0.8 m, highlighting that flame attachment to the facing wall is dependent on HRRs rather than cavity depths. Subsequently, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is utilized to investigate DSF fires, with validation against experimental temperature distribution and flame morphology. Furthermore, the validated CFD modeling is applied to scenarios with extended cavity depths and varied opening shapes, indicating that a cavity depth of ≥0.7 m mitigates flame spread for an opening ratio of n ≥ 1. The Modified-McCaffrey-Yokoi (MMY) model is proposed to characterize façade flame temperatures across varied cavity depths, and its convergence, featured by opening shapes and HRRs, is categorized to distinguish cavity flame behavior. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f075a77cff8a4fbd8bca718fd0373abd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-157X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Studies in Thermal Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-f075a77cff8a4fbd8bca718fd0373abd2025-01-08T04:52:38ZengElsevierCase Studies in Thermal Engineering2214-157X2025-01-0165105607Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façadeXukun Sun0Hideki Yoshioka1Takafumi Noguchi2Yuhei Nishio3Biao Zhou4Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, JapanDepartment of Fire Engineering, Building Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, JapanSchool of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing, China; Corresponding author. author.In recent decades, double-skin façades (DSFs) have gained popularity in modern commercial buildings. However, their cavities can potentially accelerate flame spread, raising significant concerns regarding façade fire safety. Given that existing studies focus on the DSF component failures and fire stop measures without modeling validation, this study presents real-scale DSF fire experiments and modeling in accordance with JIS A 1310, conducted without combustibles to clarify fire behaviors within the cavity. The experiments employ HRRs of 600–900 kW and cavity depths of 0.4 and 0.8 m, highlighting that flame attachment to the facing wall is dependent on HRRs rather than cavity depths. Subsequently, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is utilized to investigate DSF fires, with validation against experimental temperature distribution and flame morphology. Furthermore, the validated CFD modeling is applied to scenarios with extended cavity depths and varied opening shapes, indicating that a cavity depth of ≥0.7 m mitigates flame spread for an opening ratio of n ≥ 1. The Modified-McCaffrey-Yokoi (MMY) model is proposed to characterize façade flame temperatures across varied cavity depths, and its convergence, featured by opening shapes and HRRs, is categorized to distinguish cavity flame behavior.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24016381Real-scale fire testDouble skin façadeNon-combustible façadeCFD modelingFlame temperature |
| spellingShingle | Xukun Sun Hideki Yoshioka Takafumi Noguchi Yuhei Nishio Biao Zhou Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade Case Studies in Thermal Engineering Real-scale fire test Double skin façade Non-combustible façade CFD modeling Flame temperature |
| title | Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade |
| title_full | Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade |
| title_fullStr | Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade |
| title_short | Experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin façade |
| title_sort | experimental and numerical investigations of cavity flame spread in double skin facade |
| topic | Real-scale fire test Double skin façade Non-combustible façade CFD modeling Flame temperature |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214157X24016381 |
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