Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics
Abstract One of the prominent effects of space weather is the formation of rapid geomagnetic field variations on Earth's surface driven by the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. These geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) cause geomagnetically induced currents to run through ground conducting systems....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003799 |
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| _version_ | 1841536449839628288 |
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| author | Erik M. Vandegriff Daniel T. Welling Agnit Mukhopadhyay Andrew P. Dimmock Steven K. Morley Ramon E. Lopez |
| author_facet | Erik M. Vandegriff Daniel T. Welling Agnit Mukhopadhyay Andrew P. Dimmock Steven K. Morley Ramon E. Lopez |
| author_sort | Erik M. Vandegriff |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract One of the prominent effects of space weather is the formation of rapid geomagnetic field variations on Earth's surface driven by the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. These geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) cause geomagnetically induced currents to run through ground conducting systems. In particular, localized GMDs (LGMDs) can be high amplitude and can have an effect on scale sizes less than 100 km, making them hazardous to power grids and difficult to predict. In this study, we examine the ability of the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) to reproduce LGMDs in the 7 September 2017 event using both existing and new metrics to quantify the success of the model against observation. We show that the high‐resolution SWMF can reproduce LGMDs driven by ionospheric sources, but struggles to reproduce LGMDs driven by substorm effects. We calculate the global maxima of the magnetic fluctuations to show instances when the SWMF captures LGMDs at the correct times but not the correct locations. To remedy these shortcomings we suggest model developments that will directly impact the ability of the SWMF to reproduce LGMDs, most importantly updating the ionospheric conductance calculation from empirical to physics‐based. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-eef938331f144665a33b386ef33585e8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-eef938331f144665a33b386ef33585e82025-01-14T16:27:28ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902024-04-01224n/an/a10.1029/2023SW003799Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and NumericsErik M. Vandegriff0Daniel T. Welling1Agnit Mukhopadhyay2Andrew P. Dimmock3Steven K. Morley4Ramon E. Lopez5American University Washington DC USAUniversity of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USACenter for Space Environment Modeling University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USASwedish Institute of Space Physics (IRF) Uppsala SwedenLos Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USAUniversity of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USAAbstract One of the prominent effects of space weather is the formation of rapid geomagnetic field variations on Earth's surface driven by the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system. These geomagnetic disturbances (GMDs) cause geomagnetically induced currents to run through ground conducting systems. In particular, localized GMDs (LGMDs) can be high amplitude and can have an effect on scale sizes less than 100 km, making them hazardous to power grids and difficult to predict. In this study, we examine the ability of the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) to reproduce LGMDs in the 7 September 2017 event using both existing and new metrics to quantify the success of the model against observation. We show that the high‐resolution SWMF can reproduce LGMDs driven by ionospheric sources, but struggles to reproduce LGMDs driven by substorm effects. We calculate the global maxima of the magnetic fluctuations to show instances when the SWMF captures LGMDs at the correct times but not the correct locations. To remedy these shortcomings we suggest model developments that will directly impact the ability of the SWMF to reproduce LGMDs, most importantly updating the ionospheric conductance calculation from empirical to physics‐based.https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003799magnetospheresimulationGIC |
| spellingShingle | Erik M. Vandegriff Daniel T. Welling Agnit Mukhopadhyay Andrew P. Dimmock Steven K. Morley Ramon E. Lopez Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics Space Weather magnetosphere simulation GIC |
| title | Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics |
| title_full | Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics |
| title_short | Exploring Localized Geomagnetic Disturbances in Global MHD: Physics and Numerics |
| title_sort | exploring localized geomagnetic disturbances in global mhd physics and numerics |
| topic | magnetosphere simulation GIC |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003799 |
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