Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves

The aim of this study was to evaluate precision of estimating serum IgG concentration from total protein (TP) or gamma-globulin (γGLB) concentration as an alternative approach, and to compare morbidity of preweaning dairy calves differing in serum γGLB concentration. In trial 1, blood was sampled fr...

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Main Authors: K. Murayama, N. Kobayashi, N. Nishizawa, M. Oba, T. Sugino
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:JDS Communications
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000644
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author K. Murayama
N. Kobayashi
N. Nishizawa
M. Oba
T. Sugino
author_facet K. Murayama
N. Kobayashi
N. Nishizawa
M. Oba
T. Sugino
author_sort K. Murayama
collection DOAJ
description The aim of this study was to evaluate precision of estimating serum IgG concentration from total protein (TP) or gamma-globulin (γGLB) concentration as an alternative approach, and to compare morbidity of preweaning dairy calves differing in serum γGLB concentration. In trial 1, blood was sampled from 129 Holstein calves in the first week after birth, and serum concentrations of TP, γGLB, and IgG were measured. Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) between serum IgG and TP concentrations was 0.89, and rs between serum IgG and γGLB concentrations was 0.96. Absolute residual (observed − predicted) serum IgG concentrations were smaller when estimated by serum γGLB concentration than by serum TP concentration, and differences in the absolute residuals were smaller for calves fed colostrum replacer (1.68 vs. 4.29 g/L) than those fed whole colostrum (2.41 vs. 3.48 g/L). In trial 2, blood was sampled from 740 Holstein heifer calves during the first week of age, and serum γGLB concentration was measured. The calves were divided into 4 categories based on their serum γGLB concentration; ≥1.0 g/dL (excellent), 0.7 ≤ γGLB <1.0 g/dL (good), 0.4 ≤ γGLB <0.7 g/dL (fair), and <0.4 g/dL (poor). Morbidity for diarrhea and respiratory disease in preweaning dairy calves was determined for the first 28 and 56 d of age, and compared among the 4 categories based on serum γGLB concentration. Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 0.7 g/dL (good and excellent) had less diarrhea during the first 28 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (fair and poor). Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 1.0 g/dL (excellent) had less respiratory diseases for the first 56 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (good, fair, and poor). These results suggest that serum IgG concentration can be estimated more precisely from concentration of γGLB than TP particularly for calves fed colostrum replacer, and that γGLB concentrations in the first week of age are associated with morbidity of calves. Transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves can be assessed effectively by serum γGLB concentration.
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spelling doaj-art-ed36dde3fe4b4c95825884ad30378b442024-11-22T07:39:16ZengElsevierJDS Communications2666-91022024-11-0156618621Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calvesK. Murayama0N. Kobayashi1N. Nishizawa2M. Oba3T. Sugino4Dairy Technology Research Institute, The National Federation of Dairy Co-operative Associations (ZEN-RAKU-REN), Nishi-shirakawa, Fukushima, Japan 969-0223Dairy Technology Research Institute, The National Federation of Dairy Co-operative Associations (ZEN-RAKU-REN), Nishi-shirakawa, Fukushima, Japan 969-0223Dairy Technology Research Institute, The National Federation of Dairy Co-operative Associations (ZEN-RAKU-REN), Nishi-shirakawa, Fukushima, Japan 969-0223The Research Center for Animal Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan 739-8528; Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5The Research Center for Animal Science, Graduate School of Integrated Science for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan 739-8528; Corresponding authorThe aim of this study was to evaluate precision of estimating serum IgG concentration from total protein (TP) or gamma-globulin (γGLB) concentration as an alternative approach, and to compare morbidity of preweaning dairy calves differing in serum γGLB concentration. In trial 1, blood was sampled from 129 Holstein calves in the first week after birth, and serum concentrations of TP, γGLB, and IgG were measured. Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) between serum IgG and TP concentrations was 0.89, and rs between serum IgG and γGLB concentrations was 0.96. Absolute residual (observed − predicted) serum IgG concentrations were smaller when estimated by serum γGLB concentration than by serum TP concentration, and differences in the absolute residuals were smaller for calves fed colostrum replacer (1.68 vs. 4.29 g/L) than those fed whole colostrum (2.41 vs. 3.48 g/L). In trial 2, blood was sampled from 740 Holstein heifer calves during the first week of age, and serum γGLB concentration was measured. The calves were divided into 4 categories based on their serum γGLB concentration; ≥1.0 g/dL (excellent), 0.7 ≤ γGLB <1.0 g/dL (good), 0.4 ≤ γGLB <0.7 g/dL (fair), and <0.4 g/dL (poor). Morbidity for diarrhea and respiratory disease in preweaning dairy calves was determined for the first 28 and 56 d of age, and compared among the 4 categories based on serum γGLB concentration. Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 0.7 g/dL (good and excellent) had less diarrhea during the first 28 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (fair and poor). Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 1.0 g/dL (excellent) had less respiratory diseases for the first 56 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (good, fair, and poor). These results suggest that serum IgG concentration can be estimated more precisely from concentration of γGLB than TP particularly for calves fed colostrum replacer, and that γGLB concentrations in the first week of age are associated with morbidity of calves. Transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves can be assessed effectively by serum γGLB concentration.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000644
spellingShingle K. Murayama
N. Kobayashi
N. Nishizawa
M. Oba
T. Sugino
Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
JDS Communications
title Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
title_full Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
title_fullStr Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
title_short Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves
title_sort evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin g concentration in dairy calves
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666910224000644
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