IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis

Abstract Viral infections increase host susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens like Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), exacerbating disease severity and prolonging its clinical course. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) drives pathological inflammation in viral infections such as COVID‐19, but its role in influenza,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lokesh Sharma, Ravineel B. Singh, Nathaniel J. Tolman, Caden Ngeow, Alexis M. Duray, Nima Naghshtabrizi, Aijaz Ahmad, William Bain, Keven M. Robinson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Physiological Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70372
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849233655463936000
author Lokesh Sharma
Ravineel B. Singh
Nathaniel J. Tolman
Caden Ngeow
Alexis M. Duray
Nima Naghshtabrizi
Aijaz Ahmad
William Bain
Keven M. Robinson
author_facet Lokesh Sharma
Ravineel B. Singh
Nathaniel J. Tolman
Caden Ngeow
Alexis M. Duray
Nima Naghshtabrizi
Aijaz Ahmad
William Bain
Keven M. Robinson
author_sort Lokesh Sharma
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Viral infections increase host susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens like Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), exacerbating disease severity and prolonging its clinical course. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) drives pathological inflammation in viral infections such as COVID‐19, but its role in influenza, particularly with secondary AF infection, remains unclear. Using a mouse model of post‐influenza AF infection, including IL‐6 knockout mice, we found that IL‐6 signaling promotes neutrophilic lung inflammation but is not required for pathogen clearance of either influenza or AF. However, IL‐6 deficiency increases epithelial cell damage, as indicated by elevated RAGE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In contrast, lung capillary permeability (measured by IgM levels in BAL) and tissue injury (assessed histologically) remain unaffected in the absence of IL‐6 signaling. These findings reveal a nuanced role for IL‐6 in post‐influenza AF infection, underscoring its contribution to lung inflammation and epithelial integrity.
format Article
id doaj-art-ecf92d24e1aa46d8a52eb1a01d5dbffe
institution Kabale University
issn 2051-817X
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Physiological Reports
spelling doaj-art-ecf92d24e1aa46d8a52eb1a01d5dbffe2025-08-20T04:27:55ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2025-05-011310n/an/a10.14814/phy2.70372IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosisLokesh Sharma0Ravineel B. Singh1Nathaniel J. Tolman2Caden Ngeow3Alexis M. Duray4Nima Naghshtabrizi5Aijaz Ahmad6William Bain7Keven M. Robinson8Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USADivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USAAbstract Viral infections increase host susceptibility to opportunistic pathogens like Aspergillus fumigatus (AF), exacerbating disease severity and prolonging its clinical course. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) drives pathological inflammation in viral infections such as COVID‐19, but its role in influenza, particularly with secondary AF infection, remains unclear. Using a mouse model of post‐influenza AF infection, including IL‐6 knockout mice, we found that IL‐6 signaling promotes neutrophilic lung inflammation but is not required for pathogen clearance of either influenza or AF. However, IL‐6 deficiency increases epithelial cell damage, as indicated by elevated RAGE levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In contrast, lung capillary permeability (measured by IgM levels in BAL) and tissue injury (assessed histologically) remain unaffected in the absence of IL‐6 signaling. These findings reveal a nuanced role for IL‐6 in post‐influenza AF infection, underscoring its contribution to lung inflammation and epithelial integrity.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70372aspergillusIL‐6 signalinginflammationinfluenzainfluenza associated pulmonary aspergillosis
spellingShingle Lokesh Sharma
Ravineel B. Singh
Nathaniel J. Tolman
Caden Ngeow
Alexis M. Duray
Nima Naghshtabrizi
Aijaz Ahmad
William Bain
Keven M. Robinson
IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
Physiological Reports
aspergillus
IL‐6 signaling
inflammation
influenza
influenza associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title_full IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title_fullStr IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title_full_unstemmed IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title_short IL‐6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza‐associated pulmonary aspergillosis
title_sort il 6 signaling regulates the inflammatory response without impacting pathogen burden during influenza associated pulmonary aspergillosis
topic aspergillus
IL‐6 signaling
inflammation
influenza
influenza associated pulmonary aspergillosis
url https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70372
work_keys_str_mv AT lokeshsharma il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT ravineelbsingh il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT nathanieljtolman il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT cadenngeow il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT alexismduray il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT nimanaghshtabrizi il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT aijazahmad il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT williambain il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis
AT kevenmrobinson il6signalingregulatestheinflammatoryresponsewithoutimpactingpathogenburdenduringinfluenzaassociatedpulmonaryaspergillosis