A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania
The Klaipeda Geothermal Demonstration Plant (KGDP), Lithuania, exploits a hypersaline sodium-chloride (salinity c. 90 g/L) groundwater from a 1100 m deep Devonian sandstone/siltstone reservoir. The hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition is relatively undepleted (δ18O=c. -4.5‰), while the δ34...
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| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Geofluids |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4363592 |
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| author | Maren Brehme Kerstin Nowak David Banks Sigitas Petrauskas Robertas Valickas Klaus Bauer Neil Burnside Adrian Boyce |
| author_facet | Maren Brehme Kerstin Nowak David Banks Sigitas Petrauskas Robertas Valickas Klaus Bauer Neil Burnside Adrian Boyce |
| author_sort | Maren Brehme |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Klaipeda Geothermal Demonstration Plant (KGDP), Lithuania, exploits a hypersaline sodium-chloride (salinity c. 90 g/L) groundwater from a 1100 m deep Devonian sandstone/siltstone reservoir. The hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition is relatively undepleted (δ18O=c. -4.5‰), while the δ34S is relatively “heavy” at +18.9‰. Hydrochemical and isotopic data support the existing hypothesis that the groundwater is dominated by a hypersaline brine derived from evapoconcentrated seawater, modified by water-rock interaction and admixed with smaller quantities of more recent glacial meltwater and/or interglacial recharge. The injectivity of the two injection boreholes has declined dramatically during the operational lifetime of the KGDP. Initially, precipitation of crystalline gypsum led to a program of rehabilitation and the introduction of sodium polyphosphonate dosing of the abstracted brine, which has prevented visible gypsum precipitation but has failed to halt the injectivity decline. While physical or bacteriological causes of clogging are plausible, evidence suggests that chemical causes cannot be excluded. Gypsum and barite precipitation could still occur in the formation, as could clogging with iron/manganese oxyhydroxides. One can also speculate that inhibitor dosing could cause clogging of pore throats with needles of calcium polyphosphonate precipitate. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1468-8115 1468-8123 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Geofluids |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec03457fa27f4cc0bfe84365d42a54422025-02-03T05:47:43ZengWileyGeofluids1468-81151468-81232019-01-01201910.1155/2019/43635924363592A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, LithuaniaMaren Brehme0Kerstin Nowak1David Banks2Sigitas Petrauskas3Robertas Valickas4Klaus Bauer5Neil Burnside6Adrian Boyce7Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, GermanyGeothermie Neubrandenburg GmbH, Seestrasse 7A, D-17033 Neubrandenburg, GermanySchool of Engineering, James Watt Building (South), Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKUAB “Geoterma”, Lypkių gatvė 17, LT-94100 Klaipėda, LithuaniaUAB “Geoterma”, Lypkių gatvė 17, LT-94100 Klaipėda, LithuaniaDeutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, GermanySchool of Engineering, James Watt Building (South), Glasgow University, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UKScottish Universities Environmental Research Centre, Rankine Avenue, Scottish Enterprise Technology Park, East Kilbride G75 0QF, UKThe Klaipeda Geothermal Demonstration Plant (KGDP), Lithuania, exploits a hypersaline sodium-chloride (salinity c. 90 g/L) groundwater from a 1100 m deep Devonian sandstone/siltstone reservoir. The hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope composition is relatively undepleted (δ18O=c. -4.5‰), while the δ34S is relatively “heavy” at +18.9‰. Hydrochemical and isotopic data support the existing hypothesis that the groundwater is dominated by a hypersaline brine derived from evapoconcentrated seawater, modified by water-rock interaction and admixed with smaller quantities of more recent glacial meltwater and/or interglacial recharge. The injectivity of the two injection boreholes has declined dramatically during the operational lifetime of the KGDP. Initially, precipitation of crystalline gypsum led to a program of rehabilitation and the introduction of sodium polyphosphonate dosing of the abstracted brine, which has prevented visible gypsum precipitation but has failed to halt the injectivity decline. While physical or bacteriological causes of clogging are plausible, evidence suggests that chemical causes cannot be excluded. Gypsum and barite precipitation could still occur in the formation, as could clogging with iron/manganese oxyhydroxides. One can also speculate that inhibitor dosing could cause clogging of pore throats with needles of calcium polyphosphonate precipitate.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4363592 |
| spellingShingle | Maren Brehme Kerstin Nowak David Banks Sigitas Petrauskas Robertas Valickas Klaus Bauer Neil Burnside Adrian Boyce A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania Geofluids |
| title | A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania |
| title_full | A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania |
| title_fullStr | A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania |
| title_short | A Review of the Hydrochemistry of a Deep Sedimentary Aquifer and Its Consequences for Geothermal Operation: Klaipeda, Lithuania |
| title_sort | review of the hydrochemistry of a deep sedimentary aquifer and its consequences for geothermal operation klaipeda lithuania |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4363592 |
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