Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution
Abstract We must be able to predict and mitigate against geomagnetically induced current (GIC) effects to minimize socio‐economic impacts. This study employs the space weather modeling framework (SWMF) to model the geomagnetic response over Fennoscandia to the September 7–8, 2017 event. Of key impor...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Space Weather |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002683 |
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| author | A. P. Dimmock D. T. Welling L. Rosenqvist C. Forsyth M. P. Freeman I. J. Rae A. Viljanen E. Vandegriff R. J. Boynton M. A. Balikhin E. Yordanova |
| author_facet | A. P. Dimmock D. T. Welling L. Rosenqvist C. Forsyth M. P. Freeman I. J. Rae A. Viljanen E. Vandegriff R. J. Boynton M. A. Balikhin E. Yordanova |
| author_sort | A. P. Dimmock |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We must be able to predict and mitigate against geomagnetically induced current (GIC) effects to minimize socio‐economic impacts. This study employs the space weather modeling framework (SWMF) to model the geomagnetic response over Fennoscandia to the September 7–8, 2017 event. Of key importance to this study is the effects of spatial resolution in terms of regional forecasts and improved GIC modeling results. Therefore, we ran the model at comparatively low, medium, and high spatial resolutions. The virtual magnetometers from each model run are compared with observations from the IMAGE magnetometer network across various latitudes and over regional‐scales. The virtual magnetometer data from the SWMF are coupled with a local ground conductivity model which is used to calculate the geoelectric field and estimate GICs in a Finnish natural gas pipeline. This investigation has lead to several important results in which higher resolution yielded: (1) more realistic amplitudes and timings of GICs, (2) higher amplitude geomagnetic disturbances across latitudes, and (3) increased regional variations in terms of differences between stations. Despite this, substorms remain a significant challenge to surface magnetic field prediction from global magnetohydrodynamic modeling. For example, in the presence of multiple large substorms, the associated large‐amplitude depressions were not captured, which caused the largest model‐data deviations. The results from this work are of key importance to both modelers and space weather operators. Particularly when the goal is to obtain improved regional forecasts of geomagnetic disturbances and/or more realistic estimates of the geoelectric field. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ebb5e995ea314efaaef6c0e84e7bbe2c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1542-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Space Weather |
| spelling | doaj-art-ebb5e995ea314efaaef6c0e84e7bbe2c2025-01-14T16:31:31ZengWileySpace Weather1542-73902021-05-01195n/an/a10.1029/2020SW002683Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial ResolutionA. P. Dimmock0D. T. Welling1L. Rosenqvist2C. Forsyth3M. P. Freeman4I. J. Rae5A. Viljanen6E. Vandegriff7R. J. Boynton8M. A. Balikhin9E. Yordanova10Swedish Institute of Space Physics Uppsala SwedenDepartment of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USASwedish Defence Research Agency Stockholm SwedenUCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory Dorking UKBritish Antarctic Survey Cambridge UKUCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory Dorking UKFinnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki FinlandDepartment of Physics University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX USADepartment of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UKDepartment of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering University of Sheffield Sheffield UKSwedish Institute of Space Physics Uppsala SwedenAbstract We must be able to predict and mitigate against geomagnetically induced current (GIC) effects to minimize socio‐economic impacts. This study employs the space weather modeling framework (SWMF) to model the geomagnetic response over Fennoscandia to the September 7–8, 2017 event. Of key importance to this study is the effects of spatial resolution in terms of regional forecasts and improved GIC modeling results. Therefore, we ran the model at comparatively low, medium, and high spatial resolutions. The virtual magnetometers from each model run are compared with observations from the IMAGE magnetometer network across various latitudes and over regional‐scales. The virtual magnetometer data from the SWMF are coupled with a local ground conductivity model which is used to calculate the geoelectric field and estimate GICs in a Finnish natural gas pipeline. This investigation has lead to several important results in which higher resolution yielded: (1) more realistic amplitudes and timings of GICs, (2) higher amplitude geomagnetic disturbances across latitudes, and (3) increased regional variations in terms of differences between stations. Despite this, substorms remain a significant challenge to surface magnetic field prediction from global magnetohydrodynamic modeling. For example, in the presence of multiple large substorms, the associated large‐amplitude depressions were not captured, which caused the largest model‐data deviations. The results from this work are of key importance to both modelers and space weather operators. Particularly when the goal is to obtain improved regional forecasts of geomagnetic disturbances and/or more realistic estimates of the geoelectric field.https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002683Geomagnetic stormGICsmodel validationspace weathersubstormsSWMF |
| spellingShingle | A. P. Dimmock D. T. Welling L. Rosenqvist C. Forsyth M. P. Freeman I. J. Rae A. Viljanen E. Vandegriff R. J. Boynton M. A. Balikhin E. Yordanova Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution Space Weather Geomagnetic storm GICs model validation space weather substorms SWMF |
| title | Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution |
| title_full | Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution |
| title_fullStr | Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution |
| title_short | Modeling the Geomagnetic Response to the September 2017 Space Weather Event Over Fennoscandia Using the Space Weather Modeling Framework: Studying the Impacts of Spatial Resolution |
| title_sort | modeling the geomagnetic response to the september 2017 space weather event over fennoscandia using the space weather modeling framework studying the impacts of spatial resolution |
| topic | Geomagnetic storm GICs model validation space weather substorms SWMF |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002683 |
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