Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves

Investigations into the role of vitamin D (vitD) in the immune response of cattle are limited. The objectives of this study were therefore to investigate the association between circulating vitD concentration, tuberculosis (TB) vaccination, and Mycobacterium bovis infection outcomes in 24 dairy calv...

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Main Authors: Rachel L. Lee, Kieran G. Meade, Shelley G. Rhodes, Tom Ford, Ilias Kyriazakis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-11-01
Series:JDS Communications
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691022400084X
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author Rachel L. Lee
Kieran G. Meade
Shelley G. Rhodes
Tom Ford
Ilias Kyriazakis
author_facet Rachel L. Lee
Kieran G. Meade
Shelley G. Rhodes
Tom Ford
Ilias Kyriazakis
author_sort Rachel L. Lee
collection DOAJ
description Investigations into the role of vitamin D (vitD) in the immune response of cattle are limited. The objectives of this study were therefore to investigate the association between circulating vitD concentration, tuberculosis (TB) vaccination, and Mycobacterium bovis infection outcomes in 24 dairy calves (<8 wk old) that were housed throughout and fed a BW-based allowance. The study design incorporated 2 phases: vaccination (experimental wk 0–52) and experimental infection phase (wk 52–65). Vaccinated calves (n = 12) received a subcutaneous injection of a live attenuated TB strain at wk 0, whereas unvaccinated ones (n = 12) were injected with saline. All animals were infected with 7,600 cfu of M. bovis 52 wk postvaccination, and lung and lymph node tissues were assessed for pathology following euthanasia after wk 65. Blood samples were taken throughout wk 0 to 65. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured using a commercial ELISA. A mixed-effects linear regression model revealed significantly higher 25(OH)D concentrations in the vaccinates postinfection (wk 65) compared with the nonvaccinates. Linear regression analysis between 25(OH)D concentration and the level of M. bovis-driven pathology revealed a negative linear relationship (i.e., higher concentrations were associated with lower pathology scores) irrespective of vaccination status. No correlation was detected between IFN-γ cytokine production and vitD concentration. Overall, the results support an impactful role for vitD in the development of effective immunity of cattle against M. bovis. Gaining insight into the interaction between TB vaccination, M. bovis infection, and vitD could potentially guide the optimization of vaccination protocols and future TB control strategies.
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spelling doaj-art-eb9a2c283cd141db8aaed215a49b2d842024-11-22T07:39:20ZengElsevierJDS Communications2666-91022024-11-0156622627Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calvesRachel L. Lee0Kieran G. Meade1Shelley G. Rhodes2Tom Ford3Ilias Kyriazakis4Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom BT9 5DLSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland D04 C1P1Department of Bacteriology, Animal and Plant Health Agency, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, United Kingdom KT15 3NBVeterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Stormont, Belfast, Northern Ireland BT9 5PXInstitute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, United Kingdom BT9 5DL; Corresponding authorInvestigations into the role of vitamin D (vitD) in the immune response of cattle are limited. The objectives of this study were therefore to investigate the association between circulating vitD concentration, tuberculosis (TB) vaccination, and Mycobacterium bovis infection outcomes in 24 dairy calves (<8 wk old) that were housed throughout and fed a BW-based allowance. The study design incorporated 2 phases: vaccination (experimental wk 0–52) and experimental infection phase (wk 52–65). Vaccinated calves (n = 12) received a subcutaneous injection of a live attenuated TB strain at wk 0, whereas unvaccinated ones (n = 12) were injected with saline. All animals were infected with 7,600 cfu of M. bovis 52 wk postvaccination, and lung and lymph node tissues were assessed for pathology following euthanasia after wk 65. Blood samples were taken throughout wk 0 to 65. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured using a commercial ELISA. A mixed-effects linear regression model revealed significantly higher 25(OH)D concentrations in the vaccinates postinfection (wk 65) compared with the nonvaccinates. Linear regression analysis between 25(OH)D concentration and the level of M. bovis-driven pathology revealed a negative linear relationship (i.e., higher concentrations were associated with lower pathology scores) irrespective of vaccination status. No correlation was detected between IFN-γ cytokine production and vitD concentration. Overall, the results support an impactful role for vitD in the development of effective immunity of cattle against M. bovis. Gaining insight into the interaction between TB vaccination, M. bovis infection, and vitD could potentially guide the optimization of vaccination protocols and future TB control strategies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691022400084X
spellingShingle Rachel L. Lee
Kieran G. Meade
Shelley G. Rhodes
Tom Ford
Ilias Kyriazakis
Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
JDS Communications
title Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
title_full Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
title_fullStr Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
title_full_unstemmed Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
title_short Mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin D status in dairy calves
title_sort mycobacterium bovis vaccination and subsequent experimental infection outcomes are associated with changes in vitamin d status in dairy calves
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691022400084X
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AT shelleygrhodes mycobacteriumbovisvaccinationandsubsequentexperimentalinfectionoutcomesareassociatedwithchangesinvitamindstatusindairycalves
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