How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study

Parents and carers play a critical role in supporting their children while in hospital. Multiple qualitative studies have explored parental involvement in the care of hospitalised children. Administration of medication to young children can be difficult and cause anxiety and stress for children. Par...

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Main Authors: Johanna I Westbrook, Tim Badgery-Parker, Virginia Mumford, Magdalena Z Raban, Alison Merchant, Erin Fitzpatrick
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMJ Publishing Group 2024-12-01
Series:BMJ Open Quality
Online Access:https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/13/4/e003025.full
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author Johanna I Westbrook
Tim Badgery-Parker
Virginia Mumford
Magdalena Z Raban
Alison Merchant
Erin Fitzpatrick
author_facet Johanna I Westbrook
Tim Badgery-Parker
Virginia Mumford
Magdalena Z Raban
Alison Merchant
Erin Fitzpatrick
author_sort Johanna I Westbrook
collection DOAJ
description Parents and carers play a critical role in supporting their children while in hospital. Multiple qualitative studies have explored parental involvement in the care of hospitalised children. Administration of medication to young children can be difficult and cause anxiety and stress for children. Parents are often willing and able to assist, yet little is known about how often parents are given responsibility for medication administration in hospital.We analysed data from a prospective direct observational study of nurses administering medication at a major paediatric referral hospital in Australia. Data from observations of 298 nurses preparing and administering 5137 medication doses to children on nine medical and surgical wards between 07:00 and 22:00 were analysed. Details of drugs administered, whether medications were left for parents/carers to administer, and if nurses observed the administration by parents, were recorded.Parents were at their child’s bedside during 89.7% (n=4610) of observed medication administrations. Parents gave 20.3% (n=1045) of medications. In 14.3% (n=733), medications were left with parents to administer without a nurse present. In 6.1% (n=312) of doses, medications were given to parents, but the administration was observed by a nurse. Parents were most likely to be given medications to administer to young children (1–5 years), and the medications most frequently administered were analgesics and anti-epileptics.Parents/carers are integrally involved in the administration of many medications to children in hospital. The extent of parents’ role and the impact on medication administration efficiency has been largely absent from the healthcare literature. Given that one in five medication doses is administered by parents, hospitals should recognise this contribution and consider if any additional support for parents is required.
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spelling doaj-art-eb252d4af31c4a5c92e39a40b31e7c262024-12-17T08:30:08ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open Quality2399-66412024-12-0113410.1136/bmjoq-2024-003025How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational studyJohanna I Westbrook0Tim Badgery-Parker1Virginia Mumford2Magdalena Z Raban3Alison Merchant4Erin Fitzpatrick5Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaCentre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, AustraliaParents and carers play a critical role in supporting their children while in hospital. Multiple qualitative studies have explored parental involvement in the care of hospitalised children. Administration of medication to young children can be difficult and cause anxiety and stress for children. Parents are often willing and able to assist, yet little is known about how often parents are given responsibility for medication administration in hospital.We analysed data from a prospective direct observational study of nurses administering medication at a major paediatric referral hospital in Australia. Data from observations of 298 nurses preparing and administering 5137 medication doses to children on nine medical and surgical wards between 07:00 and 22:00 were analysed. Details of drugs administered, whether medications were left for parents/carers to administer, and if nurses observed the administration by parents, were recorded.Parents were at their child’s bedside during 89.7% (n=4610) of observed medication administrations. Parents gave 20.3% (n=1045) of medications. In 14.3% (n=733), medications were left with parents to administer without a nurse present. In 6.1% (n=312) of doses, medications were given to parents, but the administration was observed by a nurse. Parents were most likely to be given medications to administer to young children (1–5 years), and the medications most frequently administered were analgesics and anti-epileptics.Parents/carers are integrally involved in the administration of many medications to children in hospital. The extent of parents’ role and the impact on medication administration efficiency has been largely absent from the healthcare literature. Given that one in five medication doses is administered by parents, hospitals should recognise this contribution and consider if any additional support for parents is required.https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/13/4/e003025.full
spellingShingle Johanna I Westbrook
Tim Badgery-Parker
Virginia Mumford
Magdalena Z Raban
Alison Merchant
Erin Fitzpatrick
How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
BMJ Open Quality
title How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
title_full How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
title_fullStr How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
title_full_unstemmed How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
title_short How often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital? A prospective direct observational study
title_sort how often do parents administer medications to their children in hospital a prospective direct observational study
url https://bmjopenquality.bmj.com/content/13/4/e003025.full
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