Association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and early-onset benign prostatic hyperplasia: a cross-sectional analysis based on NHANES
Abstract Background The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a biomarker of lipid metabolism, has been used to predict cardiovascular disease incidence. However, its association with early-onset benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains uncl...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-025-01048-1 |
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| Summary: | Abstract Background The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a biomarker of lipid metabolism, has been used to predict cardiovascular disease incidence. However, its association with early-onset benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NHHR and the risk of early-onset BPH. Methods Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the United States between 2005 and 2008. NHHR was calculated as the ratio of non-HDL-C to HDL-C. Weighted multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association after adjusting for potential confounders. Results A total of 530 participants were included, with a median onset age of 60 years. Participants were divided into early-onset and late-onset BPH groups based on the median age. The early-onset group had higher rates of current smoking, education level, poverty-income ratio (PIR), BMI, NHHR, and total cholesterol compared to the late-onset group. After full adjustment, elevated NHHR was significantly associated with increased odds of early-onset BPH (OR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.09–1.68; P = 0.010). Additionally, higher NHHR was associated with a younger age of BPH onset (exp(β) = 0.17; 95% CI 0.07–0.42; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that this association was observed in most subgroups. Conclusion Elevated NHHR is positively associated with early-onset BPH. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the role of lipid metabolism in prostate disease. |
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| ISSN: | 2072-1315 |