Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells
Nanoplastics (NPs) are plastic particles, typically less than 100 nm in size, that result from daily life products as well as the degradation of larger plastic debris. Due to their small size and chemical composition, they can interact with biological systems in ways that larger plastic particles ca...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402417329X |
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| author | Antonia Feola Manoj Madheswaran Grazia Romano Awet Ghebretinsae Tewelde Eunice Wairimu Maina Gianluca D'Abrosca Maria della Valle Mariacristina Cocca Maria Emanuela Errico Carla Isernia Roberto Fattorusso MariaTeresa Gentile Gaetano Malgieri |
| author_facet | Antonia Feola Manoj Madheswaran Grazia Romano Awet Ghebretinsae Tewelde Eunice Wairimu Maina Gianluca D'Abrosca Maria della Valle Mariacristina Cocca Maria Emanuela Errico Carla Isernia Roberto Fattorusso MariaTeresa Gentile Gaetano Malgieri |
| author_sort | Antonia Feola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoplastics (NPs) are plastic particles, typically less than 100 nm in size, that result from daily life products as well as the degradation of larger plastic debris. Due to their small size and chemical composition, they can interact with biological systems in ways that larger plastic particles cannot. Humans are continuously exposed to NPs and several studies showed the potentially toxic effects of these latter on health. Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are the prevalent form of nanoparticles found in the environment and their cellular uptake can cause cytotoxicity and structural alteration of biomolecules. Thus, there is an urgent need for evaluation of the genotoxic effects of PS-NPs on human cell models. Through different and complementary experimental approaches, we investigated the potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of PS-NPs exposure on HeLa cell lines. We highlighted the genotoxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics by showing the formation of multinuclei and micronuclei in all the studied concentrations and time points, also at short incubation time (6 h) and low concentration. At higher concentrations, we demonstrate the presence of apoptotic and necrotic cells outlining the acute cytotoxic effects of nanoplastics. The genotoxic potential is further highlighted by the presence of low molecular weight DNA fragments in PS-NPs treated cells, and by the relationship between polystyrene nanoplastics and γ-H2AX. Thus, our data provide important insights at a cellular level into the possible risks produced by these nanoparticles and recommend further deeper research studies to address the impacts of nanoplastics on human health. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ead1ec49f41e4861bd9b2283dfe3c9f9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-ead1ec49f41e4861bd9b2283dfe3c9f92025-01-17T04:50:50ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01111e41298Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cellsAntonia Feola0Manoj Madheswaran1Grazia Romano2Awet Ghebretinsae Tewelde3Eunice Wairimu Maina4Gianluca D'Abrosca5Maria della Valle6Mariacristina Cocca7Maria Emanuela Errico8Carla Isernia9Roberto Fattorusso10MariaTeresa Gentile11Gaetano Malgieri12Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II” Naples, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II” Naples, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggia, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography–CNR, Via Vivaldi, 43, 81100, Caserta, ItalyInstitute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—CNR, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, ItalyInstitute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials—CNR, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, ItalyDepartment of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, Italy; Corresponding author. Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania–“Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via A. Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy.Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100, Caserta, Italy; Corresponding author. Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania–“Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via A. Vivaldi 43, 81100, Caserta, Italy.Nanoplastics (NPs) are plastic particles, typically less than 100 nm in size, that result from daily life products as well as the degradation of larger plastic debris. Due to their small size and chemical composition, they can interact with biological systems in ways that larger plastic particles cannot. Humans are continuously exposed to NPs and several studies showed the potentially toxic effects of these latter on health. Polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) are the prevalent form of nanoparticles found in the environment and their cellular uptake can cause cytotoxicity and structural alteration of biomolecules. Thus, there is an urgent need for evaluation of the genotoxic effects of PS-NPs on human cell models. Through different and complementary experimental approaches, we investigated the potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of PS-NPs exposure on HeLa cell lines. We highlighted the genotoxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics by showing the formation of multinuclei and micronuclei in all the studied concentrations and time points, also at short incubation time (6 h) and low concentration. At higher concentrations, we demonstrate the presence of apoptotic and necrotic cells outlining the acute cytotoxic effects of nanoplastics. The genotoxic potential is further highlighted by the presence of low molecular weight DNA fragments in PS-NPs treated cells, and by the relationship between polystyrene nanoplastics and γ-H2AX. Thus, our data provide important insights at a cellular level into the possible risks produced by these nanoparticles and recommend further deeper research studies to address the impacts of nanoplastics on human health.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402417329XPolystyreneNanoplasticsApoptosisGenotoxicityHeLa cellsH2AX |
| spellingShingle | Antonia Feola Manoj Madheswaran Grazia Romano Awet Ghebretinsae Tewelde Eunice Wairimu Maina Gianluca D'Abrosca Maria della Valle Mariacristina Cocca Maria Emanuela Errico Carla Isernia Roberto Fattorusso MariaTeresa Gentile Gaetano Malgieri Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells Heliyon Polystyrene Nanoplastics Apoptosis Genotoxicity HeLa cells H2AX |
| title | Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells |
| title_full | Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells |
| title_fullStr | Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells |
| title_short | Polystyrene nanoparticles induce DNA damage and apoptosis in HeLa cells |
| title_sort | polystyrene nanoparticles induce dna damage and apoptosis in hela cells |
| topic | Polystyrene Nanoplastics Apoptosis Genotoxicity HeLa cells H2AX |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402417329X |
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