Microbial Assessment of Drinking Water Sources in Himachal Pradesh, India
World Health Organization and Bureau of Indian Standards recommend zero tolerance for coliforms in drinking water. A total of 592 drinking sources from 11 districts of Himachal Pradesh, India, were screened for coliform contamination and the presence of fecal origin Escherichia coli. The study revea...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Indian Journal of Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijph.ijph_372_24 |
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| Summary: | World Health Organization and Bureau of Indian Standards recommend zero tolerance for coliforms in drinking water. A total of 592 drinking sources from 11 districts of Himachal Pradesh, India, were screened for coliform contamination and the presence of fecal origin Escherichia coli. The study revealed contamination levels of 55.6% and 9.6% for coliforms and fecal E. coli, respectively. The coliform contamination levels were significantly higher for natural water sources (67.1%) and public water supplies (59.7%) compared to groundwater sources (31.5%). The presence of fecal-origin E. coli was highest (11.6%) in public supplies, followed by natural (9.9%) and groundwater (4.7%) sources. |
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| ISSN: | 0019-557X 2229-7693 |