Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States

Abstract Equitable coverage and reliable operation of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are crucial for a just transition to a carbon-free future. Yet, a comprehensive national analysis of public EVCSs across different communities is lacking in the United States. Here, we utilize real-world...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Qiao Yu, Tristan Que, Lara J. Cushing, Gregory Pierce, Ke Shen, Mayank Kejriwal, Yuan Yao, Yifang Zhu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-06-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60091-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849329581539983360
author Qiao Yu
Tristan Que
Lara J. Cushing
Gregory Pierce
Ke Shen
Mayank Kejriwal
Yuan Yao
Yifang Zhu
author_facet Qiao Yu
Tristan Que
Lara J. Cushing
Gregory Pierce
Ke Shen
Mayank Kejriwal
Yuan Yao
Yifang Zhu
author_sort Qiao Yu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Equitable coverage and reliable operation of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are crucial for a just transition to a carbon-free future. Yet, a comprehensive national analysis of public EVCSs across different communities is lacking in the United States. Here, we utilize real-world reviews (n = 470,142) from a user-generated content platform to analyze public EVCSs at the census tract level. We find that disadvantaged communities (DACs) have 64% fewer public EVCSs per capita than non-DACs. This disparity rises to 73% when considering renters in multi-dwelling units. Additionally, EVCS users in DACs and urban areas experience significantly more reliability issues compared to those in non-DACs and rural areas, primarily related to hardware and technical failures. Given the limited access to home charging in DACs and their underserved public infrastructure, these findings highlight critical equity concerns and call for targeted investment in EVCS infrastructure and reliability improvements, particularly in DACs.
format Article
id doaj-art-e99e6916f4e84f1fa1e399bfd9a0f57e
institution Kabale University
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-e99e6916f4e84f1fa1e399bfd9a0f57e2025-08-20T03:47:13ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-06-0116111310.1038/s41467-025-60091-yEquity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United StatesQiao Yu0Tristan Que1Lara J. Cushing2Gregory Pierce3Ke Shen4Mayank Kejriwal5Yuan Yao6Yifang Zhu7Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los AngelesDepartment of Computer Science, University of California, Los AngelesDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los AngelesLuskin Center for Innovation, University of CaliforniaInformation Sciences Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaInformation Sciences Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los AngelesDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los AngelesAbstract Equitable coverage and reliable operation of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) are crucial for a just transition to a carbon-free future. Yet, a comprehensive national analysis of public EVCSs across different communities is lacking in the United States. Here, we utilize real-world reviews (n = 470,142) from a user-generated content platform to analyze public EVCSs at the census tract level. We find that disadvantaged communities (DACs) have 64% fewer public EVCSs per capita than non-DACs. This disparity rises to 73% when considering renters in multi-dwelling units. Additionally, EVCS users in DACs and urban areas experience significantly more reliability issues compared to those in non-DACs and rural areas, primarily related to hardware and technical failures. Given the limited access to home charging in DACs and their underserved public infrastructure, these findings highlight critical equity concerns and call for targeted investment in EVCS infrastructure and reliability improvements, particularly in DACs.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60091-y
spellingShingle Qiao Yu
Tristan Que
Lara J. Cushing
Gregory Pierce
Ke Shen
Mayank Kejriwal
Yuan Yao
Yifang Zhu
Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
Nature Communications
title Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
title_full Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
title_fullStr Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
title_full_unstemmed Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
title_short Equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the United States
title_sort equity and reliability of public electric vehicle charging stations in the united states
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60091-y
work_keys_str_mv AT qiaoyu equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT tristanque equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT larajcushing equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT gregorypierce equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT keshen equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT mayankkejriwal equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT yuanyao equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates
AT yifangzhu equityandreliabilityofpublicelectricvehiclechargingstationsintheunitedstates