Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography
Electronic Medical Images (EMI) have grown with the increase in population. EMI are used for medical diagnosis for medical emergencies hence, they should be correct and clear for accurate diagnosis. In general, EMI are of varying sizes and dimensions. The aim is to enhance the security and privacy o...
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IEEE
2024-01-01
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| author | Divya Sharma Chander Prabha Md Mehedi Hassan Shahab Abdulla Anupam Kumar Bairagi Samah Alshathri Walid El-Shafai |
| author_facet | Divya Sharma Chander Prabha Md Mehedi Hassan Shahab Abdulla Anupam Kumar Bairagi Samah Alshathri Walid El-Shafai |
| author_sort | Divya Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electronic Medical Images (EMI) have grown with the increase in population. EMI are used for medical diagnosis for medical emergencies hence, they should be correct and clear for accurate diagnosis. In general, EMI are of varying sizes and dimensions. The aim is to enhance the security and privacy of EMI with reduced computational time while dealing with a larger and varying-sized data set. Reducing computational time will make the method suitable for real-time applications (RTA). Hence, a data set of 5856 secret X-ray images all varying in dimensions, total sized up to 1.16 GB, are applied with a hybrid of steganography and cryptography. Here, one X-Ray image is taken at a time then hidden into a single cover image using Edge-based steganography and then encrypted using five layers of cryptography. Various performance evaluation tests such as Structural Similarity Index Metrics (SSIM) achieved a value close to 1 which is the preferred value, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) is 82.51967 dB which is good, Mean Square Error (MSE) is 5.6E-09 which is close to zero indicating no addition of noise in the retrieved X-ray images, the Correlation (R) is 1. Therefore, the extracted image is the same as the original X-ray images, while remaining tests such as RMSE, Entropy, KLD, BER, SNR, CV, MAPE, PRD, etc. achieved good results. The computational time is measured by the Encryption Time (ET) is 0.37 seconds while the Decryption Time (DT) is 3.9275 sec. Thus, it can be concluded that a hybrid method (HM) could be implemented for RTA. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e954a5d162fd488a9bc8582743e5e40b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-e954a5d162fd488a9bc8582743e5e40b2024-11-19T00:02:39ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011216505016506710.1109/ACCESS.2024.348945210740168Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer CryptographyDivya Sharma0https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4671-957XChander Prabha1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-7289Md Mehedi Hassan2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-0968Shahab Abdulla3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1193-6969Anupam Kumar Bairagi4https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9132-8893Samah Alshathri5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-7890Walid El-Shafai6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-2120Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, IndiaChitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, IndiaComputer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, BangladeshUniSQ College, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, AustraliaComputer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, BangladeshDepartment of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaComputer Science Department, Security Engineering Laboratory, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaElectronic Medical Images (EMI) have grown with the increase in population. EMI are used for medical diagnosis for medical emergencies hence, they should be correct and clear for accurate diagnosis. In general, EMI are of varying sizes and dimensions. The aim is to enhance the security and privacy of EMI with reduced computational time while dealing with a larger and varying-sized data set. Reducing computational time will make the method suitable for real-time applications (RTA). Hence, a data set of 5856 secret X-ray images all varying in dimensions, total sized up to 1.16 GB, are applied with a hybrid of steganography and cryptography. Here, one X-Ray image is taken at a time then hidden into a single cover image using Edge-based steganography and then encrypted using five layers of cryptography. Various performance evaluation tests such as Structural Similarity Index Metrics (SSIM) achieved a value close to 1 which is the preferred value, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) is 82.51967 dB which is good, Mean Square Error (MSE) is 5.6E-09 which is close to zero indicating no addition of noise in the retrieved X-ray images, the Correlation (R) is 1. Therefore, the extracted image is the same as the original X-ray images, while remaining tests such as RMSE, Entropy, KLD, BER, SNR, CV, MAPE, PRD, etc. achieved good results. The computational time is measured by the Encryption Time (ET) is 0.37 seconds while the Decryption Time (DT) is 3.9275 sec. Thus, it can be concluded that a hybrid method (HM) could be implemented for RTA.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10740168/Electronic medical images (EMI)securityprivacycryptographysteganography |
| spellingShingle | Divya Sharma Chander Prabha Md Mehedi Hassan Shahab Abdulla Anupam Kumar Bairagi Samah Alshathri Walid El-Shafai Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography IEEE Access Electronic medical images (EMI) security privacy cryptography steganography |
| title | Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography |
| title_full | Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography |
| title_fullStr | Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography |
| title_full_unstemmed | Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography |
| title_short | Securing X-Ray Images Into Cover Images Using Hybrid EBS Steganography With Five-Layer Cryptography |
| title_sort | securing x ray images into cover images using hybrid ebs steganography with five layer cryptography |
| topic | Electronic medical images (EMI) security privacy cryptography steganography |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10740168/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT divyasharma securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT chanderprabha securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT mdmehedihassan securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT shahababdulla securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT anupamkumarbairagi securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT samahalshathri securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography AT walidelshafai securingxrayimagesintocoverimagesusinghybridebssteganographywithfivelayercryptography |