Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry
Herbal medicine are an invaluable reservoir of bioactive compounds, offering immense potential for novel drug development to address a wide range of diseases. Among these, Caesalpinia sappan has gained recognition for its historical medicinal applications and substantial therapeutic potential. This...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1514573/full |
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| author | Estéfani Alves Asevedo Estéfani Alves Asevedo Livia Ramos Santiago Livia Ramos Santiago Hyo Jeong Kim Rony Abdi Syahputra Moon Nyeo Park Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja Ribeiro Bonglee Kim |
| author_facet | Estéfani Alves Asevedo Estéfani Alves Asevedo Livia Ramos Santiago Livia Ramos Santiago Hyo Jeong Kim Rony Abdi Syahputra Moon Nyeo Park Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja Ribeiro Bonglee Kim |
| author_sort | Estéfani Alves Asevedo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herbal medicine are an invaluable reservoir of bioactive compounds, offering immense potential for novel drug development to address a wide range of diseases. Among these, Caesalpinia sappan has gained recognition for its historical medicinal applications and substantial therapeutic potential. This review explores the ethnopharmacological significance, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological properties of C. sappan, with a particular focus on its anticancer activities. Traditionally, C. sappan has been utilized for treating respiratory, gastrointestinal, and inflammatory conditions, demonstrating its broad therapeutic scope. The plant’s rich array of bioactive compounds—flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenolic acids, and glycosides—forms the basis of its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pharmacological effects. Modern pharmacological research has further substantiated its versatility, revealing anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-infective, and hepatoprotective properties. However, significant challenges remain, including the need to unravel the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects, refine extraction and isolation methods for bioactive compounds, and validate its safety and efficacy through well-designed clinical trials. Particularly noteworthy is C. sappan’s potential in combination therapies, where it may synergistically target multiple cancer pathways, enhance therapeutic outcomes, and mitigate adverse effects. This review synthesizes the findings from the past decade, providing a comprehensive evaluation of C. sappan’s pharmacological promise while identifying critical areas for future research. By addressing these gaps, C. sappan could serve as a cornerstone for innovative therapeutic strategies, offering hope for improved management of cancer and other complex diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e92e4c6f40f9446aa27cd74fe7f7e7f9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-e92e4c6f40f9446aa27cd74fe7f7e7f92025-01-07T06:46:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-01-011510.3389/fphar.2024.15145731514573Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistryEstéfani Alves Asevedo0Estéfani Alves Asevedo1Livia Ramos Santiago2Livia Ramos Santiago3Hyo Jeong Kim4Rony Abdi Syahputra5Moon Nyeo Park6Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja Ribeiro7Bonglee Kim8Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Midwest Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaExperimental Pathology Laboratory, Midwest Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, IndonesiaDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaExperimental Pathology Laboratory, Midwest Campus, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Divinópolis, BrazilDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaHerbal medicine are an invaluable reservoir of bioactive compounds, offering immense potential for novel drug development to address a wide range of diseases. Among these, Caesalpinia sappan has gained recognition for its historical medicinal applications and substantial therapeutic potential. This review explores the ethnopharmacological significance, phytochemical composition, and pharmacological properties of C. sappan, with a particular focus on its anticancer activities. Traditionally, C. sappan has been utilized for treating respiratory, gastrointestinal, and inflammatory conditions, demonstrating its broad therapeutic scope. The plant’s rich array of bioactive compounds—flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenolic acids, and glycosides—forms the basis of its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pharmacological effects. Modern pharmacological research has further substantiated its versatility, revealing anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-infective, and hepatoprotective properties. However, significant challenges remain, including the need to unravel the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects, refine extraction and isolation methods for bioactive compounds, and validate its safety and efficacy through well-designed clinical trials. Particularly noteworthy is C. sappan’s potential in combination therapies, where it may synergistically target multiple cancer pathways, enhance therapeutic outcomes, and mitigate adverse effects. This review synthesizes the findings from the past decade, providing a comprehensive evaluation of C. sappan’s pharmacological promise while identifying critical areas for future research. By addressing these gaps, C. sappan could serve as a cornerstone for innovative therapeutic strategies, offering hope for improved management of cancer and other complex diseases.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1514573/fullCaesalpinia sappanantioxidantphytochemistrypharmacological propertiesbrazilinprotosappanin B |
| spellingShingle | Estéfani Alves Asevedo Estéfani Alves Asevedo Livia Ramos Santiago Livia Ramos Santiago Hyo Jeong Kim Rony Abdi Syahputra Moon Nyeo Park Rosy Iara Maciel Azambuja Ribeiro Bonglee Kim Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry Frontiers in Pharmacology Caesalpinia sappan antioxidant phytochemistry pharmacological properties brazilin protosappanin B |
| title | Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry |
| title_full | Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry |
| title_fullStr | Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry |
| title_short | Unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of Caesalpinia sappan: a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti-cancer properties, ethnopharmacology, and phytochemistry |
| title_sort | unlocking the therapeutic mechanism of caesalpinia sappan a comprehensive review of its antioxidant and anti cancer properties ethnopharmacology and phytochemistry |
| topic | Caesalpinia sappan antioxidant phytochemistry pharmacological properties brazilin protosappanin B |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2024.1514573/full |
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